वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-36, verse-13

बाष्पपर्याकुलमुखो राजमार्गगतो जनः ।
न हृष्टो लक्ष्यते कश्चित् सर्वः शोकपरायणः ॥१३॥

13. bāṣpaparyākulamukho rājamārgagato janaḥ ,
na hṛṣṭo lakṣyate kaścit sarvaḥ śokaparāyaṇaḥ.

13. bāṣpaparyākulamukhaḥ rājamārgagataḥ janaḥ na
hṛṣṭaḥ lakṣyate kaścit sarvaḥ śokaparāyaṇaḥ

13. rājamārgagataḥ janaḥ bāṣpaparyākulamukhaḥ
kaścit na hṛṣṭaḥ lakṣyate sarvaḥ śokaparāyaṇaḥ

13. People walking on the main road had faces agitated by tears. No one appeared joyful; everyone was devoted to sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• बाष्पपर्याकुलमुखः (bāṣpaparyākulamukhaḥ) - with faces agitated by tears

• राजमार्गगतः (rājamārgagataḥ) - gone on the highway, walking on the main road

• जनः (janaḥ) - people, folk, person

• न (na) - not

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, happy, glad

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is seen, appears, is observed

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - (with `na`) no one (anyone, someone)

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all, every

• शोकपरायणः (śokaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to sorrow, overwhelmed by grief

Words meanings and morphology

बाष्पपर्याकुलमुखः (bāṣpaparyākulamukhaḥ) - with faces agitated by tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāṣpaparyākulamukha

bāṣpaparyākulamukha - one whose face is agitated/troubled by tears/vapor

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bāṣpa+paryākula+mukha)

• bāṣpa – tears, vapor, steam
  noun (masculine)
• paryākula – agitated, confused, troubled, bewildered
  adjective
  Derived from root 'ākul' with prefix 'pari'
  Prefix: pari
  Root: ākul
• mukha – face, mouth, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `janaḥ`.

राजमार्गगतः (rājamārgagataḥ) - gone on the highway, walking on the main road

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājamārgagata

rājamārgagata - one who has gone to/is on the royal road/highway

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rājamārga+gata)

• rājamārga – royal road, highway, main road
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, departed, arrived at
  adjective
  Past Passive Particple
  Derived from root gam- 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `janaḥ`.

जनः (janaḥ) - people, folk, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used collectively to mean 'all people'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, happy, glad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, glad, joyful, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ- 'to be excited, rejoice'

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `kaścit`.

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is seen, appears, is observed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of lakṣ

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - (with `na`) no one (anyone, someone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone, a certain person

Root: kim

Note: With `na`, it forms 'no one'.

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, entire, every

Note: Agrees with `janaḥ`.

शोकपरायणः (śokaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to sorrow, overwhelmed by grief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokaparāyaṇa

śokaparāyaṇa - devoted to sorrow, having sorrow as the chief object, overwhelmed with grief

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śoka+parāyaṇa)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – chief object, ultimate end, devoted to, engaged in
  adjective/noun
  Prefix: pari

Note: Agrees with `sarvaḥ` and implicitly `janaḥ`.