महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-47, verse-5

नैवाददानं न च संदधानं जानीमहे कतरेणास्यतीति ।
वामेन वा यदि वा दक्षिणेन स द्रोणपुत्रः समरे पर्यवर्तत् ॥५॥

5. naivādadānaṁ na ca saṁdadhānaṁ; jānīmahe katareṇāsyatīti ,
vāmena vā yadi vā dakṣiṇena; sa droṇaputraḥ samare paryavartat.

5. na eva ādadānam na ca saṃdadhānam
jānīmahe katareṇa asyati iti
vāmena vā yadi vā dakṣiṇena sa
droṇaputraḥ samare paryavartat

5. vayam na eva ādadānam na ca
saṃdadhānam jānīmahe iti saḥ katareṇa
vā vāmena vā yadi vā dakṣiṇena
asyati droṇaputraḥ samare paryavartat

5. We could not discern when he was taking up an arrow or when he was fixing it to the string, nor even with which hand he was shooting – whether with his left or with his right. So swiftly did that son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā) move about in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• आददानम् (ādadānam) - taking up an arrow (taking up, grasping, seizing)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• संदधानम् (saṁdadhānam) - fixing an arrow to the bowstring (fixing, placing together, aiming)

• जानीमहे (jānīmahe) - we know, we recognize, we discern

• कतरेण (katareṇa) - by which of two, by either

• अस्यति (asyati) - he shoots, he throws, he casts

• इति (iti) - thus, so, marking direct speech/thought

• वामेन (vāmena) - with the left (hand)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• वा (vā) - or, either

• दक्षिणेन (dakṣiṇena) - with the right (hand)

• स (sa) - he, that

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - the son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• पर्यवर्तत् (paryavartat) - he moved around, he revolved, he acted, he was engaged

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

आददानम् (ādadānam) - taking up an arrow (taking up, grasping, seizing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādadāna

ādadāna - taking, receiving, holding, grasping

Present Middle Active Participle

Present Middle Participle from root dā (div. 3) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

संदधानम् (saṁdadhānam) - fixing an arrow to the bowstring (fixing, placing together, aiming)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃdadhāna

saṁdadhāna - fixing, joining, placing together, aiming

Present Middle Active Participle

Present Middle Participle from root dhā (div. 3) with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

जानीमहे (jānīmahe) - we know, we recognize, we discern

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of jānīmahe

Present 1st plural middle of root jñā (div. 9)

Root: jñā (class 9)

कतरेण (katareṇa) - by which of two, by either

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of katara

katara - which of two

अस्यति (asyati) - he shoots, he throws, he casts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of asyati

Present 3rd singular active of root as (div. 4)

Root: as (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so, marking direct speech/thought

(indeclinable)

वामेन (vāmena) - with the left (hand)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāma

vāma - left, left hand, beautiful

Note: Implies 'hand' (kara or hasta).

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

दक्षिणेन (dakṣiṇena) - with the right (hand)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right, right hand, southern, skillful

Note: Implies 'hand' (kara or hasta).

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - the son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – name of a teacher, a measure
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

पर्यवर्तत् (paryavartat) - he moved around, he revolved, he acted, he was engaged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paryavartat

Imperfect 3rd singular active of root vṛt (div. 1) with upasargas pari and ava

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)