महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-47, verse-2

संशप्तकैर्युध्यमानस्य मेऽद्य सेनाग्रयायी कुरुसैन्यस्य राजन् ।
आशीविषाभान्खगमान्प्रमुञ्चन्द्रौणिः पुरस्तात्सहसा व्यतिष्ठत् ॥२॥

2. saṁśaptakairyudhyamānasya me'dya; senāgrayāyī kurusainyasya rājan ,
āśīviṣābhānkhagamānpramuñca;ndrauṇiḥ purastātsahasā vyatiṣṭhat.

2. saṃśaptakaiḥ yudhyamānasya me adya
senāgrāyāyī kurusainyasya rājan
āśīviṣābhān khagamān pramuñcan
droṇiḥ purastāt sahasā vyatiṣṭhat

2. rājan adya me saṃśaptakaiḥ
yudhyamānasya kurusainyasya senāgrāyāyī
droṇiḥ āśīviṣābhān khagamān
pramuñcan purastāt sahasā vyatiṣṭhat

2. O King, today, while I was fighting with the Samśaptakas, Droṇi (Aśvatthāmā), the leader of the Kuru army, suddenly appeared before me, releasing arrows that resembled venomous serpents.

Words meanings summery:

• संशप्तकैः (saṁśaptakaiḥ) - by the Samśaptakas (a specific group of warriors who vowed to kill Arjuna or die) (by those who have taken a solemn oath)

• युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of me (Arjuna) who was fighting (of one fighting, of one who is engaged in battle)

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• सेनाग्रायायी (senāgrāyāyī) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāmā) as the leader of the Kuru army (leader of the army, one who goes at the head of the army)

• कुरुसैन्यस्य (kurusainyasya) - of the Kuru army

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• आशीविषाभान् (āśīviṣābhān) - resembling venomous serpents

• खगमान् (khagamān) - arrows (lit. 'sky-goers' or 'moving in the air')

• प्रमुञ्चन् (pramuñcan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

• द्रोणिः (droṇiḥ) - Droṇi, Aśvatthāmā

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front, from the front, previously

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

• व्यतिष्ठत् (vyatiṣṭhat) - stood, appeared, took position

Words meanings and morphology

संशप्तकैः (saṁśaptakaiḥ) - by the Samśaptakas (a specific group of warriors who vowed to kill Arjuna or die) (by those who have taken a solemn oath)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃśaptaka

saṁśaptaka - one who has sworn an oath, one who has taken a vow

Past Passive Participle

From sam-śap-kta

Prefix: sam

Root: śap

युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of me (Arjuna) who was fighting (of one fighting, of one who is engaged in battle)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, battling, warring

Present Middle Active Participle

Present Middle Active Participle from root yudh (div. 4) + śānac suffix

Root: yudh (class 4)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

सेनाग्रायायी (senāgrāyāyī) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāmā) as the leader of the Kuru army (leader of the army, one who goes at the head of the army)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāgrāyāyin

senāgrāyāyin - leader of the army, one who goes first in the army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (senā+agra+yāyin)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• agra – front, top, tip, chief
  noun (neuter)
• yāyin – going, moving, one who goes
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root yā
  Root: yā

कुरुसैन्यस्य (kurusainyasya) - of the Kuru army

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kurusainya

kurusainya - Kuru army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sainya)

• kuru – name of an ancient royal dynasty, descendant of Kuru
  proper noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host, military
  noun (neuter)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

आशीविषाभान् (āśīviṣābhān) - resembling venomous serpents

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśīviṣābha

āśīviṣābha - like a venomous snake

Compound type : upama-tatpuruṣa (āśīviṣa+ābha)

• āśīviṣa – venomous snake, viper (lit. 'having poison in its fangs')
  noun (masculine)
• ābha – like, resembling, shining
  adjective (masculine)

खगमान् (khagamān) - arrows (lit. 'sky-goers' or 'moving in the air')

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of khagama

khagama - sky-goer, bird, arrow, planet

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+gama)

• kha – sky, air, ether, space
  noun (neuter)
• gama – going, moving, one who goes
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root gam
  Root: gam

प्रमुञ्चन् (pramuñcan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramuñcat

pramuñcat - releasing, discharging

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle from root muc (div. 6) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

द्रोणिः (droṇiḥ) - Droṇi, Aśvatthāmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇi

droṇi - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front, from the front, previously

(indeclinable)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

(indeclinable)

व्यतिष्ठत् (vyatiṣṭhat) - stood, appeared, took position

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vyatiṣṭhat

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: sthā (class 1)