महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-47, verse-1

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संजय उवाच ।
तद्धर्मशीलस्य वचो निशम्य राज्ञः क्रुद्धस्याधिरथौ महात्मा ।
उवाच दुर्धर्षमदीनसत्त्वं युधिष्ठिरं जिष्णुरनन्तवीर्यः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
taddharmaśīlasya vaco niśamya; rājñaḥ kruddhasyādhirathau mahātmā ,
uvāca durdharṣamadīnasattvaṁ; yudhiṣṭhiraṁ jiṣṇuranantavīryaḥ.

1. संजय उवाच तत् धर्मशीलस्य वचः निशम्य
राज्ञः क्रुद्धस्य अधिरथौ
महात्मा उवाच दुर्धर्षम् अदीनसत्त्वम्
युधिष्ठिरम् जिष्णुः अनन्तवीर्यः

1. संजय उवाच महात्मा अनन्तवीर्यः
जिष्णुः धर्मशीलस्य राज्ञः अधिरथौ
क्रुद्धस्य तत् वचः निशम्य दुर्धर्षम्
अदीनसत्त्वम् युधिष्ठिरम् उवाच

1. Sañjaya said: Hearing that speech of the king, who was steadfast in righteousness (dharma-śīla) and enraged at the charioteer's son (adhirathi), the great-souled (mahātmā) Jishnu (Arjuna), whose valor (vīrya) is infinite, spoke to Yudhishthira, who was formidable and possessed of unwavering courage (adīnasattva).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

तत् (tat) - that

धर्मशीलस्य (dharmaśīlasya) - of the king, who was steadfast in righteousness (dharma-śīla) (of the righteous, of one whose nature is righteousness (dharma))

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, word

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Yudhishthira) (of the king)

क्रुद्धस्य (kruddhasya) - of the angry one, of him who was angry

अधिरथौ (adhirathau) - at/towards the charioteer's son (Karṇa) (at/towards the charioteer's son)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled (referring to Arjuna) (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

दुर्धर्षम् (durdharṣam) - invincible, formidable, irresistible

अदीनसत्त्वम् (adīnasattvam) - of undiminished/unwavering courage/spirit

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (a proper name)

जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - victorious, conquering (an epithet of Arjuna) (victorious, conquering)

अनन्तवीर्यः (anantavīryaḥ) - of infinite valor/power

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (narrator of the Mahābhārata to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac (irregular formation).

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'vacaḥ'.

धर्मशीलस्य (dharmaśīlasya) - of the king, who was steadfast in righteousness (dharma-śīla) (of the righteous, of one whose nature is righteousness (dharma))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmaśīla

dharmaśīla - of righteous conduct/nature; steadfast in (dharma)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+śīla)

dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
śīla – character, conduct, nature, habit
noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'rājñaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, word

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, utterance

Note: Object of 'niśamya'.

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √śam 'to be tranquil' (causative śāmaya 'to hear, perceive') with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Yudhishthira) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Modifies 'vacaḥ'.

क्रुद्धस्य (kruddhasya) - of the angry one, of him who was angry

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krudh 'to be angry'.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'rājñaḥ'.

अधिरथौ (adhirathau) - at/towards the charioteer's son (Karṇa) (at/towards the charioteer's son)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - son of a charioteer (Karṇa), master of a chariot

Note: Object of anger.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled (referring to Arjuna) (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

mahat – great, large
adjective
ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac (irregular formation).

Root: vac (class 2)

दुर्धर्षम् (durdharṣam) - invincible, formidable, irresistible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - unconquerable, formidable, irresistible, difficult to attack

Derived from root √dhṛṣ 'to be bold, attack' with prefix dur-.

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

अदीनसत्त्वम् (adīnasattvam) - of undiminished/unwavering courage/spirit

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adīnasattva

adīnasattva - of undepressed spirit, of unwavering courage, not dejected

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dīna+sattva)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
dīna – depressed, dejected, miserable
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root √dī.
Root: dī (class 4)
sattva – courage, spirit, strength, essence
noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (steadfast in battle), eldest of the Pāṇḍavas

From yudhi 'in battle' + sthira 'firm, steady'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)