महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-3, verse-2

तस्मिन्निपतिते भूमौ विह्वले राजसत्तमे ।
आर्तनादो महानासीत्स्त्रीणां भरतसत्तम ॥२॥

2. tasminnipatite bhūmau vihvale rājasattame ,
ārtanādo mahānāsītstrīṇāṁ bharatasattama.

2. tasmin nipatite bhūmau vihvale rājasattame
ārtanādaḥ mahān āsīt strīṇām bharatasattama

2. bharatasattama,
tasmin rājasattame vihvale bhūmau nipatite (sati),
strīṇām mahān ārtanādaḥ āsīt

2. O best among the Bharatas, when that distraught, most excellent of kings (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) fell to the ground, there arose a great cry of lamentation from the women.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, when that (one)

• निपतिते (nipatite) - having fallen, when (he) fell

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• विह्वले (vihvale) - distraught, overwhelmed, agitated

• राजसत्तमे (rājasattame) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the locative absolute construction (in the best of kings, the most excellent king)

• आर्तनादः (ārtanādaḥ) - cry of distress, lamentation, outcry of pain

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of the women

• भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O king Janamejaya (O best of the Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, when that (one)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

निपतिते (nipatite) - having fallen, when (he) fell

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - fallen, descended, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'tasmin' and 'vihvale' and 'rājasattame'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

विह्वले (vihvale) - distraught, overwhelmed, agitated

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - agitated, confused, distraught, overwhelmed

Note: Agrees with 'tasmin' and 'rājasattame'.

राजसत्तमे (rājasattame) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the locative absolute construction (in the best of kings, the most excellent king)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings, most excellent king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama'

Note: Agrees with 'tasmin' and 'vihvale'. Used in a locative absolute construction.

आर्तनादः (ārtanādaḥ) - cry of distress, lamentation, outcry of pain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtanāda

ārtanāda - cry of distress, lamentation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+nāda)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ṛ' (to suffer)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• nāda – sound, cry, roar
  noun (masculine)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'ārtanādaḥ'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of the women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O king Janamejaya (O best of the Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatasattama

bharatasattama - best among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – Bharata (proper name, ancestor of a great dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama'