महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-3, verse-13

एवमुक्तोऽब्रवीत्सूतो राजानं जनमेजय ।
हतो वैकर्तनो राजन्सह पुत्रैर्महारथैः ।
भ्रातृभिश्च महेष्वासैः सूतपुत्रैस्तनुत्यजैः ॥१३॥

13. evamukto'bravītsūto rājānaṁ janamejaya ,
hato vaikartano rājansaha putrairmahārathaiḥ ,
bhrātṛbhiśca maheṣvāsaiḥ sūtaputraistanutyajaiḥ.

13. evam uktaḥ abravīt sūtaḥ rājānam
janamejaya hataḥ vaikartanaḥ rājan saha
putraiḥ mahārathaiḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ ca
maheṣvāsaiḥ sūtaputraiḥ tanutyajaiḥ

13. evam uktaḥ sūtaḥ rājānam abravīt.
rājan,
vaikartanaḥ saha mahārathaiḥ putraiḥ ca maheṣvāsaiḥ sūtaputraiḥ tanutyajaiḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ hataḥ.

13. The charioteer, thus addressed, spoke to the king. 'O King, Karṇa (the son of Vikartana) has been slain along with his great warrior sons, and with his brothers, the mighty archers who sacrificed their lives.'

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Saṃjaya (charioteer)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (to the king)

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - King Janamejaya, addressed by the narrator in the frame story. (O Janamejaya)

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karṇa (Karṇa (son of Vikartana, i.e., the Sun god))

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with Karṇa's sons (by sons, with sons)

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, by great warriors

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with Karṇa's brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महेष्वासैः (maheṣvāsaiḥ) - by great archers

• सूतपुत्रैः (sūtaputraiḥ) - by Karṇa's brothers (who are also referred to as 'sons of the charioteer') (by the sons of the charioteer)

• तनुत्यजैः (tanutyajaiḥ) - by those who abandoned their bodies, by those who sacrificed their lives

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From √vac 'to speak'.

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sūtaḥ'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root verb.

Root: √brū (class 2)

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Saṃjaya (charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, son (by specific caste mixing)

राजानम् (rājānam) - to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (to the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - King Janamejaya, addressed by the narrator in the frame story. (O Janamejaya)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (proper name), a king, son of Parikṣit, to whom the Mahābhārata was recited by Vaiśampāyana.

Typically found in the vocative case when the narrator addresses the audience.

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From √han 'to strike, kill'.

Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vaikartanaḥ'.

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karṇa (Karṇa (son of Vikartana, i.e., the Sun god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (an epithet of the Sun-god), Karṇa

Patronymic.

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

Preposition/Adverb. Governs instrumental case.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with Karṇa's sons (by sons, with sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, by great warriors

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great charioteer (capable of fighting thousands of warriors)

Karmadhāraya compound.

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'putraiḥ'.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with Karṇa's brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महेष्वासैः (maheṣvāsaiḥ) - by great archers

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Bahuvrīhi compound. From mahat (great) + iṣu (arrow) + āsa (throwing, bow).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣu+āsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āsa – throwing, bow, mouth
  noun (masculine)
  From √as 'to throw'. Here 'āsa' refers to a bow, or the act of throwing arrows, implying an archer.
  Root: √as (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātṛbhiḥ' and 'sūtaputraiḥ'.

सूतपुत्रैः (sūtaputraiḥ) - by Karṇa's brothers (who are also referred to as 'sons of the charioteer') (by the sons of the charioteer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (often epithet for Karṇa and his brothers)

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātṛbhiḥ'.

तनुत्यजैः (tanutyajaiḥ) - by those who abandoned their bodies, by those who sacrificed their lives

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tanutyaj

tanutyaj - one who abandons the body, one who gives up life, self-sacrificing

Agent noun derived from √tyaj (to abandon) with tanu (body).

Compound of tanu (body) and tyaj (abandoner). Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tanu+tyaj)

• tanu – body, limb, self
  noun (feminine)
• tyaj – abandoning, leaving, sacrificing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix -a (or noun from root)
  From √tyaj 'to abandon'.
  Root: √tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātṛbhiḥ' and 'sūtaputraiḥ'.