महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-2, verse-3

तान्दृष्ट्वा व्यथिताकारान्सैन्यानि तव भारत ।
ऊर्ध्वमेवाभ्यवेक्षन्त दुःखत्रस्तान्यनेकशः ॥३॥

3. tāndṛṣṭvā vyathitākārānsainyāni tava bhārata ,
ūrdhvamevābhyavekṣanta duḥkhatrastānyanekaśaḥ.

3. tān dṛṣṭvā vyathitākārān sainyāni tava bhārata
ūrdhvam eva abhyavekṣanta duḥkhatrastāni anekaśaḥ

3. bhārata tava sainyāni tān vyathitākārān dṛṣṭvā
anekaśaḥ duḥkhatrastāni ūrdhvam eva abhyavekṣanta

3. O Bhārata, seeing those (soldiers) with distressed appearances, your armies, repeatedly tormented by sorrow, indeed looked upwards.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• व्यथिताकारान् (vyathitākārān) - having a distressed appearance, looking distraught

• सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, soldiers (collectively)

• तव (tava) - your

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, above

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• अभ्यवेक्षन्त (abhyavekṣanta) - they looked towards, they gazed at

• दुःखत्रस्तानि (duḥkhatrastāni) - tormented by sorrow, afflicted by misery

• अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - repeatedly, in various ways, in great numbers

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Root: dṛś (class 1)

व्यथिताकारान् (vyathitākārān) - having a distressed appearance, looking distraught

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyathitākāra

vyathitākāra - having a distressed appearance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyathita+ākāra)

• vyathita – distressed, troubled, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, gesture
  noun (masculine)

सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, soldiers (collectively)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host of soldiers, military

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, Indian, Arjuna

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, above

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

अभ्यवेक्षन्त (abhyavekṣanta) - they looked towards, they gazed at

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavekṣanta

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, Middle voice

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

दुःखत्रस्तानि (duḥkhatrastāni) - tormented by sorrow, afflicted by misery

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkhatrasta

duḥkhatrasta - tormented by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+trasta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• trasta – frightened, terrified, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: tras (class 4)

अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - repeatedly, in various ways, in great numbers

(indeclinable)