महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-2, verse-20

स पीडयित्वा पाञ्चालान्पाण्डवांश्च तरस्विनः ।
हत्वा सहस्रशो योधानर्जुनेन निपातितः ॥२०॥

20. sa pīḍayitvā pāñcālānpāṇḍavāṁśca tarasvinaḥ ,
hatvā sahasraśo yodhānarjunena nipātitaḥ.

20. saḥ pīḍayitvā pāñcālān pāṇḍavān ca tarasvinaḥ
hatvā sahasraśaḥ yodhān arjunena nipātitaḥ

20. saḥ tarasvinaḥ pāñcālān ca pāṇḍavān pīḍayitvā
sahasraśaḥ yodhān hatvā arjunena nipātitaḥ

20. Having tormented the mighty Pāñcālas and Pāṇḍavas, and having slain thousands of warriors, he was felled by Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having tormented, having afflicted

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas (people of Pañcāla)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• च (ca) - and

• तरस्विनः (tarasvinaḥ) - strong, mighty, powerful, swift

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - was struck down, was felled, was killed

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having tormented, having afflicted

(indeclinable)

Causal stem of root 'pīḍ'

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) form

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas (people of Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or person from the Pañcāla country

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तरस्विनः (tarasvinaḥ) - strong, mighty, powerful, swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tarasvin

tarasvin - strong, mighty, swift, energetic

Note: Agrees with 'Pāñcālān' and 'Pāṇḍavān'.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) form

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

suffix 'śas' indicating 'by thousands'

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name), white, silver

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - was struck down, was felled, was killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - felled, struck down, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implicit subject 'he' (saḥ).