महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-6, verse-6

चत्वारोऽप्सु गुणा राजन्गन्धस्तत्र न विद्यते ।
शब्दः स्पर्शश्च रूपं च तेजसोऽथ गुणास्त्रयः ।
शब्दः स्पर्शश्च वायोस्तु आकाशे शब्द एव च ॥६॥

6. catvāro'psu guṇā rājangandhastatra na vidyate ,
śabdaḥ sparśaśca rūpaṁ ca tejaso'tha guṇāstrayaḥ ,
śabdaḥ sparśaśca vāyostu ākāśe śabda eva ca.

6. catvāraḥ apsu guṇāḥ rājan gandhaḥ tatra
na vidyate śabdaḥ sparśaḥ ca rūpam
ca tejasaḥ atha guṇāḥ trayaḥ śabdaḥ
sparśaḥ ca vāyoḥ tu ākāśe śabdaḥ eva ca

6. rājan apsu catvāraḥ guṇāḥ tatra gandhaḥ
na vidyate atha tejasaḥ śabdaḥ ca sparśaḥ
ca rūpam ca trayaḥ guṇāḥ tu vāyoḥ
śabdaḥ ca sparśaḥ ca ākāśe ca śabdaḥ eva

6. O King, there are four qualities (guṇa) in water (ap), but smell is not present there. Then, sound, touch, and sight (form) are the three qualities of fire (tejas). Sound and touch are the qualities of air (vāyu), and in space (ākāśa), there is only sound.

Words meanings summery:

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• अप्सु (apsu) - in water

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• न (na) - not, no

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is present

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact, tactile sensation

• च (ca) - and, also

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, shape, appearance, beauty, sight

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - of fire, of brilliance, of energy

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact, tactile sensation

• च (ca) - and, also

• वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of air, from air

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in space, in ether

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of catur

catur - four

अप्सु (apsu) - in water

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 4)

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, speech

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact, tactile sensation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, tactile sensation

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, shape, appearance, beauty, sight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, sight

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - of fire, of brilliance, of energy

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - fire, light, brilliance, energy, splendor

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tri

tri - three

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, speech

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact, tactile sensation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, tactile sensation

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of air, from air

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, vital breath

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in space, in ether

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - space, ether, sky

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, speech

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)