महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-6, verse-5

शब्दः स्पर्शश्च रूपं च रसो गन्धश्च पञ्चमः ।
भूमेरेते गुणाः प्रोक्ता ऋषिभिस्तत्त्ववेदिभिः ॥५॥

5. śabdaḥ sparśaśca rūpaṁ ca raso gandhaśca pañcamaḥ ,
bhūmerete guṇāḥ proktā ṛṣibhistattvavedibhiḥ.

5. śabdaḥ sparśaḥ ca rūpam ca rasaḥ gandhaḥ ca pañcamaḥ
bhūmeḥ ete guṇāḥ proktāḥ ṛṣibhiḥ tattvavedibhiḥ

5. ṛṣibhiḥ tattvavedibhiḥ śabdaḥ ca sparśaḥ ca rūpam ca
rasaḥ ca pañcamaḥ gandhaḥ ete bhūmeḥ guṇāḥ proktāḥ

5. Sound, touch, sight (form), taste, and smell – these five are declared as the qualities (guṇa) of earth by the sages who understand the fundamental principles (tattva).

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, word

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact, tactile sensation

• च (ca) - and, also

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, shape, appearance, beauty, sight

• च (ca) - and, also

• रसः (rasaḥ) - taste, juice, essence, flavor

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor, fragrance

• च (ca) - and, also

• पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - fifth

• भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth

• एते (ete) - these

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes, properties

• प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared, stated, said

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the seers, by the sages

• तत्त्ववेदिभिः (tattvavedibhiḥ) - by the knowers of principles, by the knowers of truth, by those who know the elements

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, word

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, speech

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch, contact, tactile sensation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, tactile sensation

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, shape, appearance, beauty, sight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, sight

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रसः (rasaḥ) - taste, juice, essence, flavor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, juice, essence, flavor, sentiment

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell, odor, fragrance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - fifth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes, properties

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property

प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared, stated, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prokta

prokta - declared, stated, said

Past Passive Participle

derived from pra-√vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the seers, by the sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet

तत्त्ववेदिभिः (tattvavedibhiḥ) - by the knowers of principles, by the knowers of truth, by those who know the elements

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tattvavedin

tattvavedin - knower of truth/principles/elements

Compound type : tatpurusha (tattva+vedin)

• tattva – principle, truth, element, reality
  noun (neuter)
• vedin – knower, one who knows
  noun (masculine)
  derived from √vid + -in
  Root: vid (class 2)