महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-6, verse-10

तत्र तत्र हि दृश्यन्ते धातवः पाञ्चभौतिकाः ।
तेषां मनुष्यास्तर्केण प्रमाणानि प्रचक्षते ॥१०॥

10. tatra tatra hi dṛśyante dhātavaḥ pāñcabhautikāḥ ,
teṣāṁ manuṣyāstarkeṇa pramāṇāni pracakṣate.

10. tatra tatra hi dṛśyante dhātavaḥ pāñcabhautikāḥ
teṣām manuṣyāḥ tarkeṇa pramāṇāni pracakṣate

10. hi tatra tatra pāñcabhautikāḥ dhātavaḥ dṛśyante
manuṣyāḥ teṣām pramāṇāni tarkeṇa pracakṣate

10. Indeed, the constituents (dhātavaḥ) composed of the five great elements are seen everywhere. Humans declare the proofs of these by means of reasoning.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen, they appear

• धातवः (dhātavaḥ) - elements, constituents, primary substances

• पाञ्चभौतिकाः (pāñcabhautikāḥ) - consisting of the five great elements

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - human beings, men

• तर्केण (tarkeṇa) - by reasoning, by logic

• प्रमाणानि (pramāṇāni) - proofs, valid means of knowledge, standards

• प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they declare, they explain, they speak of

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

From demonstrative pronoun `tad` + suffix `tra`.

Note: Repeated for emphasis ('everywhere').

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

From demonstrative pronoun `tad` + suffix `tra`.

Note: Repeated for emphasis ('everywhere').

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

Particle.

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen, they appear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present passive

Root `dṛś` forms passive with `ya` suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धातवः (dhātavaḥ) - elements, constituents, primary substances

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhātu

dhātu - element, constituent, basic substance, root, mineral

From root `dhā` (to place, put, establish).

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of `dṛśyante`.

पाञ्चभौतिकाः (pāñcabhautikāḥ) - consisting of the five great elements

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcabhautika

pāñcabhautika - composed of or relating to the five great elements (earth, water, fire, air, ether)

From `pañca` (five) and `bhūta` (element) with the suffix `ika` forming an adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pañca+bhūta)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• bhūta – element, being, creature, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhū` (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dhātavaḥ`.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `dhātavaḥ pāñcabhautikāḥ`.

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - human beings, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, mankind

Derived from `manu`.

Note: Subject of `pracakṣate`.

तर्केण (tarkeṇa) - by reasoning, by logic

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tarka

tarka - reasoning, logic, argument, conjecture

From root `tark` (to consider, guess).

Root: tark (class 10)

Note: Instrument by which proofs are declared.

प्रमाणानि (pramāṇāni) - proofs, valid means of knowledge, standards

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - proof, authority, standard, measure, valid knowledge

From `pra` + root `mā` (to measure, know).

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 3)

Note: Object of `pracakṣate`.

प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they declare, they explain, they speak of

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of cakṣ

present tense

2nd class (`adādi`) root, ātmanepada.

Prefix: pra

Root: cakṣ (class 2)