महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-14

उपयाय तु स क्षिप्रं रथात्प्रस्कन्द्य कुण्डली ।
प्रविवेश सभां पूर्णां महीपालैर्महात्मभिः ॥१४॥

14. upayāya tu sa kṣipraṁ rathātpraskandya kuṇḍalī ,
praviveśa sabhāṁ pūrṇāṁ mahīpālairmahātmabhiḥ.

14. upayāya tu saḥ kṣipram rathāt praskandya kuṇḍalī
praviveśa sabhām pūrṇām mahīpālaiḥ mahātmabhiḥ

14. And having swiftly approached, he (Sañjaya), adorned with earrings, dismounted from the chariot and entered the assembly hall which was filled with great-souled kings.

Words meanings summery:

• उपयाय (upayāya) - having approached

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• सः (saḥ) - Sañjaya (he, that)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• प्रस्कन्द्य (praskandya) - having dismounted

• कुण्डली (kuṇḍalī) - Sañjaya, wearing earrings (one wearing earrings)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly hall, council

• पूर्णाम् (pūrṇām) - full, filled

• महीपालैः (mahīpālaiḥ) - by kings, by protectors of the earth

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great-souled ones, by magnanimous persons

Words meanings and morphology

उपयाय (upayāya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from prefix 'upa' and root 'yā' with the lYAP suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - Sañjaya (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine form of 'tad'.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣipra

kṣipra - quick, swift, rapid

Note: Used adverbially.

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

प्रस्कन्द्य (praskandya) - having dismounted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from prefix 'pra' and root 'skand' with the lYAP suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: skand (class 1)

कुण्डली (kuṇḍalī) - Sañjaya, wearing earrings (one wearing earrings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuṇḍalin

kuṇḍalin - wearing earrings, having coils; a coiled snake

Formed from 'kuṇḍala' (earring) with the possessive suffix '-in'.

Note: Refers to Sañjaya.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of praviš

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Perfect 3rd singular active of 'viś' with prefix 'pra'.

सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly hall, council

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, hall

पूर्णाम् (pūrṇām) - full, filled

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, filled

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pṝ' (to fill).

Root: pṝ

महीपालैः (mahīpālaiḥ) - by kings, by protectors of the earth

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound of 'mahī' and 'pāla'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great-souled ones, by magnanimous persons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble

Compound of 'mahā' and 'ātman'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self (ātman), soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)