महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवं सनत्सुजातेन विदुरेण च धीमता ।
सार्धं कथयतो राज्ञः सा व्यतीयाय शर्वरी ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evaṁ sanatsujātena vidureṇa ca dhīmatā ,
sārdhaṁ kathayato rājñaḥ sā vyatīyāya śarvarī.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam sanatsujātena vidureṇa ca
dhīmatā sārdham kathayataḥ rājñaḥ sā vyatīyāya śarvarī

1. Vaiśampāyana said: While the king was conversing with the wise Vidura and Sanatsujāta in this manner, that night passed.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• सनत्सुजातेन (sanatsujātena) - by Sanatsujāta

• विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

• च (ca) - and

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - (adjective for Vidura) by the wise (Vidura) (by the intelligent, by the wise)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - of the king who was conversing (of him who was speaking/narrating; while speaking)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• सा (sā) - that (night) (that (feminine))

• व्यतीयाय (vyatīyāya) - passed away, elapsed

• शर्वरी (śarvarī) - night

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

root vac (2nd class, but perfect form is irregular)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

सनत्सुजातेन (sanatsujātena) - by Sanatsujāta

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sanatsujāta

sanatsujāta - name of a sage, a mind-born son of Brahmā

विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's half-brother, a wise counselor

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धीमता (dhīmatā) - (adjective for Vidura) by the wise (Vidura) (by the intelligent, by the wise)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, discerning

from dhī (intellect) + matup (possessive suffix)

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - of the king who was conversing (of him who was speaking/narrating; while speaking)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating, conversing

Present Active Participle

from root kath (to tell, relate)

Root: kath (class 10)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

सा (sā) - that (night) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

व्यतीयाय (vyatīyāya) - passed away, elapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyatī-i

Perfect Active Indicative

root i (to go) with prefix vyati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

शर्वरी (śarvarī) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night