महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-13

अयं स रथ आयाति योऽयासीत्पाण्डवान्प्रति ।
दूतो नस्तूर्णमायातः सैन्धवैः साधुवाहिभिः ॥१३॥

13. ayaṁ sa ratha āyāti yo'yāsītpāṇḍavānprati ,
dūto nastūrṇamāyātaḥ saindhavaiḥ sādhuvāhibhiḥ.

13. ayam saḥ rathaḥ āyāti yaḥ ayāsīt pāṇḍavān prati
dūtaḥ naḥ tūrṇam āyātaḥ saindhavaiḥ sādhuvāhibhiḥ

13. This is the very chariot that went to the Pāṇḍavas. Our messenger has returned swiftly, drawn by excellent horses from the Sindhu region.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• सः (saḥ) - that

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

• आयाति (āyāti) - comes, approaches

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अयासीत् (ayāsīt) - went

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - Pāṇḍavas

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

• दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

• आयातः (āyātaḥ) - arrived, come

• सैन्धवैः (saindhavaiḥ) - by those from Sindhu, by Sindhu horses

• साधुवाहिभिः (sādhuvāhibhiḥ) - by good horses (by good bearers, by good carriers (of chariots))

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Nominative singular masculine form of 'idam'.

सः (saḥ) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine form of 'tad'.

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

आयाति (āyāti) - comes, approaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āyāti

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Nominative singular masculine form of 'yad'.

अयासीत् (ayāsīt) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Aorist 3rd singular active of 'yā'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with accusative case.

दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy

नः (naḥ) - our, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Alternative for asmākam (genitive plural) or asmabhyam (dative plural).

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tūrṇa

tūrṇa - quick, swift, hurried

Note: Used adverbially.

आयातः (āyātaḥ) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyāta

yā - to go, to move, to proceed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix 'ā' and root 'yā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

सैन्धवैः (saindhavaiḥ) - by those from Sindhu, by Sindhu horses

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saindhava

saindhava - relating to Sindhu, from Sindhu; a horse from Sindhu

Derived from 'Sindhu' (region/river)

Note: Refers to horses.

साधुवाहिभिः (sādhuvāhibhiḥ) - by good horses (by good bearers, by good carriers (of chariots))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sādhuvāhin

sādhuvāhin - carrying well, good bearer/carrier

Compound of 'sādhu' and 'vāhin'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sādhu+vāhin)

• sādhu – good, proper, well, virtuous
  adjective
• vāhin – carrying, bearing; one who carries/bears
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vah' (to carry) with suffix '-in'.
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Referring to the horses.