महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-9, verse-9

अपरे दशसाहस्रा द्विस्तावन्तस्तथापरे ।
तेषां गोसंख्य आसं वै तन्तिपालेति मां विदुः ॥९॥

9. apare daśasāhasrā dvistāvantastathāpare ,
teṣāṁ gosaṁkhya āsaṁ vai tantipāleti māṁ viduḥ.

9. apare daśaśāhasrāḥ dvistāvantāḥ tathā apare
teṣām gosaṃkhyaḥ āsam vai tantipāla iti mām viduḥ

9. Others possessed ten thousand (cows), and yet others had twice that number. Among those cow-keepers, I was indeed known as Tantipāla.

Words meanings summery:

• अपरे (apare) - others, other

• दशशाहस्राः (daśaśāhasrāḥ) - ten thousand (plural)

• द्विस्तावन्ताः (dvistāvantāḥ) - twice that many, double the amount

• तथा (tathā) - and so, thus, likewise, also

• अपरे (apare) - others

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

• गोसंख्यः (gosaṁkhyaḥ) - among the cow-keepers (cow-counter, cow-herd)

• आसम् (āsam) - I was

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• तन्तिपाल (tantipāla) - Tantipāla (proper name, Sahadeva's disguise name)

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating direct speech or thought

• माम् (mām) - me

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they knew

Words meanings and morphology

अपरे (apare) - others, other

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, later, western

दशशाहस्राः (daśaśāhasrāḥ) - ten thousand (plural)

(numeral)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśan+sāhasra)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• sāhasra – thousand, relating to a thousand
  numeral

Note: Declines like an adjective, here agreeing with an implied 'cow-keepers' or 'groups (of cows)'.

द्विस्तावन्ताः (dvistāvantāḥ) - twice that many, double the amount

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvistāvat

dvistāvat - twice that, double the amount

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvis+tāvat)

• dvis – twice, two times
  indeclinable
• tāvat – so much, so many, that much, that many
  pronoun

तथा (tathā) - and so, thus, likewise, also

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, later, western

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can be masculine, feminine or neuter plural.

गोसंख्यः (gosaṁkhyaḥ) - among the cow-keepers (cow-counter, cow-herd)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gosaṃkhya

gosaṁkhya - one who counts cows, a cow-keeper, a herdsman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+saṃkhya)

• go – cow
  noun (feminine)
• saṃkhya – calculable, numerable; a counter, one who numbers
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: khyā (class 2)

आसम् (āsam) - I was

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

1st person singular, Imperfect active

Root: as (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

तन्तिपाल (tantipāla) - Tantipāla (proper name, Sahadeva's disguise name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tantipāla

tantipāla - Tantipāla (name of Sahadeva in disguise)

Note: Used here as a predicate noun.

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they knew

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present / perfect (laṭ / lit) of vid

Perfect Active

3rd person plural, Perfect active (or Present active, cl. 2, irregular)

Root: vid (class 2)