महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-9, verse-14

विराट उवाच ।
शतं सहस्राणि समाहितानि वर्णस्य वर्णस्य विनिश्चिता गुणैः ।
पशून्सपालान्भवते ददाम्यहं त्वदाश्रया मे पशवो भवन्त्विह ॥१४॥

14. virāṭa uvāca ,
śataṁ sahasrāṇi samāhitāni; varṇasya varṇasya viniścitā guṇaiḥ ,
paśūnsapālānbhavate dadāmyahaṁ; tvadāśrayā me paśavo bhavantviha.

14. virāṭa uvāca | śatam sahasrāṇi samāhitāni
varṇasya varṇasya viniścitā
guṇaiḥ | paśūn sapālān bhavate dadāmi
aham tvadāśrayā me paśavaḥ bhavantu iha

14. Virata said: 'I will give you hundreds of thousands of cattle, each specifically identified by its qualities, along with their herdsmen. May my cattle here remain under your protection.'

Words meanings summery:

• विराट (virāṭa) - King Virata (Virata (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• शतम् (śatam) - hundred, a hundred

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• समाहितानि (samāhitāni) - gathered, collected, prepared

• वर्णस्य (varṇasya) - of each color/kind (of cattle) (of a color, of a class, of a species)

• वर्णस्य (varṇasya) - of each color/kind (of cattle) (of a color, of a class, of a species)

• विनिश्चिता (viniścitā) - identified (by qualities) (ascertained, determined, distinguished, identified)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, by characteristics, by virtues

• पशून् (paśūn) - animals, cattle, beasts

• सपालान् (sapālān) - with their herdsmen (with their protectors/herdsmen, accompanied by keepers)

• भवते (bhavate) - to you (formal/honorific)

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्वदाश्रया (tvadāśrayā) - under your protection, depending on you

• मे (me) - my (my, of me, to me)

• पशवः (paśavaḥ) - my cattle (animals, cattle, beasts)

• भवन्तु (bhavantu) - let them be, may they be

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

Words meanings and morphology

विराट (virāṭa) - King Virata (Virata (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virata (name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

from √vac (2nd class), perfect third person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

शतम् (śatam) - hundred, a hundred

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śata

śata - hundred

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: "śatam sahasrāṇi" is a common way to say "hundreds of thousands"

समाहितानि (samāhitāni) - gathered, collected, prepared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of samāhita

samāhita - collected, gathered, focused, prepared, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

from sam- + ā- + √dhā (to place, put)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with sahasrāṇi (referring to the cattle implicitly)

वर्णस्य (varṇasya) - of each color/kind (of cattle) (of a color, of a class, of a species)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of varṇa

varṇa - color, tint, class, caste, kind, species

from √vṛ (to cover, encompass)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वर्णस्य (varṇasya) - of each color/kind (of cattle) (of a color, of a class, of a species)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of varṇa

varṇa - color, tint, class, caste, kind, species

Root: vṛ (class 5)

विनिश्चिता (viniścitā) - identified (by qualities) (ascertained, determined, distinguished, identified)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viniścita

viniścita - ascertained, determined, specified, identified

Past Passive Participle

from vi- + ni- + √ci (to observe, to perceive)

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: While semantically referring to plural cattle (implied by `sahasrāṇi`), the form `viniścitā` is feminine singular nominative, possibly agreeing with an implied feminine noun like 'kind' (`jātiḥ`) or a collective 'herd'.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, by characteristics, by virtues

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, strand, constituent

Note: Indicates the means of distinguishing.

पशून् (paśūn) - animals, cattle, beasts

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle, beast, creature

Note: Object of dadāmi

सपालान् (sapālān) - with their herdsmen (with their protectors/herdsmen, accompanied by keepers)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sapāla

sapāla - with a protector, having a guardian, with herdsmen

Bahuvrīhi compound or simple adjective 'sa' (with) + 'pāla' (protector).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+pāla)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper, herdsman
  noun (masculine)
  from √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with paśūn.

भवते (bhavate) - to you (formal/honorific)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

Present Active Participle

from √bhū (to be); also used as respectful pronoun 'your honor'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active

from √dā (3rd class)

Root: dā (class 3)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

त्वदाश्रया (tvadāśrayā) - under your protection, depending on you

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvadāśraya

tvadāśraya - resting on you, depending on you, under your protection

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (tvad+āśraya)

• tvad – from you, your
  pronoun
  ablative singular of yuşmad, used as a stem in compounds
• āśraya – shelter, refuge, protection, support
  noun (masculine)
  from ā- + √śri (to resort to, lean on)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: While referring to plural 'paśavaḥ' (cattle), the form is feminine singular nominative, likely agreeing with an implied feminine collective noun such as 'herd' or 'flock'.

मे (me) - my (my, of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

पशवः (paśavaḥ) - my cattle (animals, cattle, beasts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle, beast, creature

Note: Subject of bhavantu

भवन्तु (bhavantu) - let them be, may they be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative Active

from √bhū (1st class)

Root: bhū (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)