महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-51, verse-4

तद्देवयक्षगन्धर्वमहोरगसमाकुलम् ।
शुशुभेऽभ्रविनिर्मुक्तं ग्रहैरिव नभस्तलम् ॥४॥

4. taddevayakṣagandharvamahoragasamākulam ,
śuśubhe'bhravinirmuktaṁ grahairiva nabhastalam.

4. tat devayakṣagandharvamahoragasamākulam śuśubhe
abhravinirmuktam grahaiḥ iva nabhastalam

4. That expanse, crowded with gods, yakshas, gandharvas, and great serpents, shone splendidly, just like a cloudless sky illuminated by planets.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• देवयक्षगन्धर्वमहोरगसमाकुलम् (devayakṣagandharvamahoragasamākulam) - crowded with gods, yakshas, gandharvas, and great serpents

• शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone, appeared splendid

• अभ्रविनिर्मुक्तम् (abhravinirmuktam) - freed from clouds, cloudless

• ग्रहैः (grahaiḥ) - by planets, by stars

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• नभस्तलम् (nabhastalam) - the sky, firmament

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Refers to the sky/expanse mentioned implicitly or previously.

देवयक्षगन्धर्वमहोरगसमाकुलम् (devayakṣagandharvamahoragasamākulam) - crowded with gods, yakshas, gandharvas, and great serpents

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of devayakṣagandharvamahoragasamākula

devayakṣagandharvamahoragasamākula - crowded with gods, yakshas, gandharvas, and great serpents

compound ending in samākula

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (deva+yakṣa+gandharva+mahoraga+samākula)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• yakṣa – yaksha (a class of benevolent nature spirits)
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – gandharva (celestial musician)
  noun (masculine)
• mahoraga – great serpent, nāga
  noun (masculine)
  mahā + uraga
• samākula – crowded, filled, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  from sam-ā-kul (to crowd)
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tat and nabhastalam.

शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone, appeared splendid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of śubh

Perfect Middle

Perfect 3rd person singular middle of śubh

Root: śubh (class 1)

अभ्रविनिर्मुक्तम् (abhravinirmuktam) - freed from clouds, cloudless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhravinirmukta

abhravinirmukta - freed from clouds, cloudless

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound of abhra (cloud) and vinirmukta (freed, PPP of vi-nir-muc)

Compound type : pañcamī-tatpuruṣa (abhra+vinirmukta)

• abhra – cloud
  noun (neuter)
• vinirmukta – freed from, released
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of vi-nir-muc
  Prefixes: vi+nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with nabhastalam.

ग्रहैः (grahaiḥ) - by planets, by stars

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of graha

graha - planet, star, celestial body

Note: Agent of shining.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

नभस्तलम् (nabhastalam) - the sky, firmament

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - sky, atmosphere, firmament

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, plane, expanse
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of comparison.