महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-51, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तान्यनीकान्यदृश्यन्त कुरूणामुग्रधन्विनाम् ।
संसर्पन्तो यथा मेघा घर्मान्ते मन्दमारुताः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tānyanīkānyadṛśyanta kurūṇāmugradhanvinām ,
saṁsarpanto yathā meghā gharmānte mandamārutāḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tāni anīkāni adṛśyanta kurūṇām
ugradhanvinām saṃsarpantaḥ yathā meghāḥ gharmānte mandamārutāḥ

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: The armies of those Kuru warriors, fierce with their bows, were seen advancing like clouds moved by gentle breezes at the end of the hot season.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तानि (tāni) - those (armies) (those)

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, divisions

• अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kuru warriors (of the Kurus)

• उग्रधन्विनाम् (ugradhanvinām) - of the warriors fierce with their bows (of the fierce archers, of those with powerful bows)

• संसर्पन्तः (saṁsarpantaḥ) - advancing (advancing, moving slowly)

• यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, just as)

• मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

• घर्मान्ते (gharmānte) - at the end of summer, at the end of the hot season

• मन्दमारुताः (mandamārutāḥ) - moved by gentle breezes (with slow winds, moved by gentle breezes)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a Vedic teacher and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तानि (tāni) - those (armies) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, divisions

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, division of an army, battle array

अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect past (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kuru warriors (of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient Vedic tribe and kingdom; also refers to descendants of Kuru

उग्रधन्विनाम् (ugradhanvinām) - of the warriors fierce with their bows (of the fierce archers, of those with powerful bows)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ugradhanvin

ugradhanvin - having a formidable bow, a fierce archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+dhanvin)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, powerful, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• dhanvin – archer, possessing a bow, armed with a bow
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'dhanu' (bow).

संसर्पन्तः (saṁsarpantaḥ) - advancing (advancing, moving slowly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃsarpant

saṁsarpant - creeping, gliding, moving, advancing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'sṛp' (to creep, move) with the prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛp (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, just as)

(indeclinable)

मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of megha

megha - cloud

घर्मान्ते (gharmānte) - at the end of summer, at the end of the hot season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gharmānta

gharmānta - end of heat, end of summer, end of the hot season

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gharma+anta)

• gharma – heat, warmth, summer, hot season
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

मन्दमारुताः (mandamārutāḥ) - moved by gentle breezes (with slow winds, moved by gentle breezes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mandamāruta

mandamāruta - having slow winds, moved by gentle breezes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+māruta)

• manda – slow, gentle, dull, faint
  adjective (masculine)
• māruta – wind, air, god of wind
  noun (masculine)