महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-51, verse-3

ततः शक्रः सुरगणैः समारुह्य सुदर्शनम् ।
सहोपायात्तदा राजन्विश्वाश्विमरुतां गणैः ॥३॥

3. tataḥ śakraḥ suragaṇaiḥ samāruhya sudarśanam ,
sahopāyāttadā rājanviśvāśvimarutāṁ gaṇaiḥ.

3. tataḥ śakraḥ suragaṇaiḥ samāruhya sudarśanam
saha upāyāt tadā rājan viśvāśvimarutām gaṇaiḥ

3. Then, O king, Indra, accompanied by the hosts of gods and having mounted Sudarśana, arrived along with the hosts of Viśvas, Aśvins, and Maruts.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra

• सुरगणैः (suragaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of gods

• समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended

• सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - Indra's vehicle or chariot. (Sudarśana (well-seen, beautiful; name of a vehicle))

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached, arrived

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• विश्वाश्विमरुताम् (viśvāśvimarutām) - of the Viśvas, Aśvins, and Maruts

• गणैः (gaṇaiḥ) - by hosts, by troops

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful one

सुरगणैः (suragaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suragaṇa

suragaṇa - host of gods, multitude of deities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+gaṇa)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – multitude, host, troop
  noun (masculine)

समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of sam-ā-ruh

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - Indra's vehicle or chariot. (Sudarśana (well-seen, beautiful; name of a vehicle))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudarśana

sudarśana - beautiful, easily seen, name of a divine weapon/vehicle

Prefix: su

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case.

उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached, arrived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular of upa-i (to approach)

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Sandhi with saha gives sahopāyāt.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

विश्वाश्विमरुताम् (viśvāśvimarutām) - of the Viśvas, Aśvins, and Maruts

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of viśvāśvimarut

viśvāśvimarut - Viśvas, Aśvins, and Maruts (collective group of deities)

dvandva compound of Viśvas, Aśvins, and Maruts

Compound type : dvandva (viśva+aśvin+marut)

• viśva – all, universal (here referring to Viśvadevas)
  noun (masculine)
• aśvin – Aśvin (twin Vedic deities)
  proper noun (masculine)
• marut – Marut (Vedic storm deity)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to various classes of deities.

गणैः (gaṇaiḥ) - by hosts, by troops

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaṇa

gaṇa - multitude, host, troop

Note: Refers to the hosts of Viśvas, Aśvins, and Maruts.