महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-51, verse-16

उपशाम्यद्रजो भौमं सर्वं व्याप्तं मरीचिभिः ।
दिव्यान्गन्धानुपादाय वायुर्योधानसेवत ॥१६॥

16. upaśāmyadrajo bhaumaṁ sarvaṁ vyāptaṁ marīcibhiḥ ,
divyāngandhānupādāya vāyuryodhānasevata.

16. upaśāmyat rajaḥ bhaumam sarvam vyāptam marīcibhiḥ
divyān gandhān upādāya vāyuḥ yodhān asevata

16. All the earthly dust was subsiding, pervaded by rays. The wind, carrying divine fragrances, attended to the warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• उपशाम्यत् (upaśāmyat) - subsiding, calming down, ceasing

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust, pollen, impurity, earthly passion

• भौमम् (bhaumam) - earthly, terrestrial, mundane

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

• व्याप्तम् (vyāptam) - pervaded, filled, spread

• मरीचिभिः (marīcibhiḥ) - by rays, by beams of light

• दिव्यान् (divyān) - divine, celestial

• गन्धान् (gandhān) - fragrances, scents

• उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken, having assumed, having obtained

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• असेवत (asevata) - served, attended, honored

Words meanings and morphology

उपशाम्यत् (upaśāmyat) - subsiding, calming down, ceasing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śam

śam - to be quiet, calm, subside, cease

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root śam with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Acts as an adjective for rajaḥ.

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust, pollen, impurity, earthly passion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, impurity; gloom; passion (guṇa)

Root: rañj (class 1)

भौमम् (bhaumam) - earthly, terrestrial, mundane

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhauma

bhauma - earthly, terrestrial, relating to the earth

from bhūmi (earth) + aṇ (taddhita suffix)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

व्याप्तम् (vyāptam) - pervaded, filled, spread

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āp

āp - to obtain, reach, pervade

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root āp with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Acts as a predicative adjective or part of an implied predicate with an auxiliary verb.

मरीचिभिः (marīcibhiḥ) - by rays, by beams of light

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of marīci

marīci - ray of light, sunbeam

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Agent of vyāptam.

दिव्यान् (divyān) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial; excellent, splendid; superhuman

from div (to shine) + yat

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Modifies gandhān.

गन्धान् (gandhān) - fragrances, scents

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance, scent; a trace, a little

from root gandh

Root: gandh (class 10)

Note: Object of upādāya.

उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken, having assumed, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root dā with upasargas upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies the action of vāyuḥ.

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air; god of wind

from root vā (to blow)

Root: vā (class 2)

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, combatant

from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

असेवत (asevata) - served, attended, honored

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sev

Imperfect Middle

Third person singular, Imperfect middle (ātmanepada)

Root: sev (class 1)