महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-47, verse-9

यच्चानृत इति ख्यायेद्यच्च गच्छेत्पराभवम् ।
वृणुयुर्मरणं पार्था नानृतत्वं कथंचन ॥९॥

9. yaccānṛta iti khyāyedyacca gacchetparābhavam ,
vṛṇuyurmaraṇaṁ pārthā nānṛtatvaṁ kathaṁcana.

9. yat ca anṛtam iti khyāyet yat ca gacchet parābhavam
vṛṇuyuḥ maraṇam pārthāḥ na anṛtatvam kathaṃcana

9. And whatever would be known as untrue, or whatever would lead to disgrace, the sons of Pritha (Pārthas) would choose death, but never falsehood (anṛtatva) under any circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (which, whatever)

• च (ca) - and

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untrue (as an adjective or predicate noun) (untrue, false, falsehood)

• इति (iti) - (marking the predicate 'untrue') (thus, so; a particle marking quotation or direct speech)

• ख्यायेत् (khyāyet) - would be known (as) (it would be known, it would be called)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (which, whatever)

• च (ca) - and

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - would lead to (it would go, it would lead to)

• पराभवम् (parābhavam) - disgrace (defeat, disgrace, humiliation)

• वृणुयुः (vṛṇuyuḥ) - they would choose (they would choose, they would select)

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death (death, dying)

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (the Pandavas) (sons of Pritha)

• न (na) - not

• अनृतत्वम् (anṛtatvam) - falsehood (anṛtatva) (untruthfulness, falsehood)

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - under any circumstances (in any way, by any means, ever)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untrue (as an adjective or predicate noun) (untrue, false, falsehood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untrue, false, falsehood, lie

negative prefix 'an' + ṛta (true, right)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ṛta)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix (before vowel)
• ṛta – truth, right, order
  noun (neuter)

इति (iti) - (marking the predicate 'untrue') (thus, so; a particle marking quotation or direct speech)

(indeclinable)

ख्यायेत् (khyāyet) - would be known (as) (it would be known, it would be called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (liṅ) of khyā

optative mood

root khyā (class 2 or 4), third person singular optative, passive voice

Root: khyā (class 2)

यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - would lead to (it would go, it would lead to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of gam

optative mood

root gam (class 1), third person singular optative

Root: gam (class 1)

पराभवम् (parābhavam) - disgrace (defeat, disgrace, humiliation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, overthrow, disgrace, humiliation

from root bhū with upasarga parā

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

वृणुयुः (vṛṇuyuḥ) - they would choose (they would choose, they would select)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of vṛ

optative mood

root vṛ (class 9, sometimes 5), third person plural optative

Root: vṛ (class 9)

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death (death, dying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of "vṛṇuyuḥ"

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (the Pandavas) (sons of Pritha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (another name for Kunti), i.e., the Pandavas

patronymic (aṇ) from Pṛthā

Note: Subject of "vṛṇuyuḥ"

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अनृतत्वम् (anṛtatvam) - falsehood (anṛtatva) (untruthfulness, falsehood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛtatva

anṛtatva - untruthfulness, falsehood

from anṛta (untrue) + suffix tva (abstract noun)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ṛtatva)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• ṛtatva – truthfulness, state of being true
  noun (neuter)
  from ṛta (truth) + tva (abstract suffix)

Note: Object of implicit 'would choose' (from vṛṇuyuḥ)

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - under any circumstances (in any way, by any means, ever)

(indeclinable)

from katham (how) + cana (emphatic particle)