महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-47, verse-19

अग्रतः सूतपुत्रस्तु कर्णस्तिष्ठतु दंशितः ।
अहं सर्वस्य सैन्यस्य पश्चात्स्थास्यामि पालयन् ॥१९॥

19. agrataḥ sūtaputrastu karṇastiṣṭhatu daṁśitaḥ ,
ahaṁ sarvasya sainyasya paścātsthāsyāmi pālayan.

19. agrataḥ sūtaputraḥ tu karṇaḥ tiṣṭhatu daṃśitaḥ |
aham sarvasya sainyasya paścāt sthāsyāmi pālayan

19. Let Karna, the son of Suta, stand fully armored in the front. I will stand behind the entire army, protecting it.

Words meanings summery:

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in the front (in front, at the head, before)

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna, the son of Suta (son of a charioteer (Suta), Karna)

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (name))

• तिष्ठतु (tiṣṭhatu) - let him stand (let him stand, he should stand)

• दंशितः (daṁśitaḥ) - fully armored (armed, equipped, armored, bitten)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Duryodhana) (I)

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of the entire (of all, of the entire)

• सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army (of the army, of the host)

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - behind (behind, after, from behind)

• स्थास्यामि (sthāsyāmi) - I will stand (I shall stand, I will stand)

• पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting (protecting, guarding, maintaining)

Words meanings and morphology

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in the front (in front, at the head, before)

(indeclinable)

From agra (front) + -tas suffix.

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna, the son of Suta (son of a charioteer (Suta), Karna)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karna.

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Surya and Kunti, raised by a charioteer)

तिष्ठतु (tiṣṭhatu) - let him stand (let him stand, he should stand)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Present stem of √sthā, class 1.

Root: sthā (class 1)

दंशितः (daṁśitaḥ) - fully armored (armed, equipped, armored, bitten)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṃśita

daṁśita - armed, equipped, armored, bitten

Past Passive Participle

From √daṃś (to bite, to arm) + -ita suffix.

Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with Karna.

अहम् (aham) - I (Duryodhana) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of the entire (of all, of the entire)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Adjective agreeing with sainyasya.

सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army (of the army, of the host)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

From senā (army) + -ya suffix.

Note: Possessive case, modified by sarvasya.

पश्चात् (paścāt) - behind (behind, after, from behind)

(indeclinable)

From paśca (back) + -āt suffix.

स्थास्यामि (sthāsyāmi) - I will stand (I shall stand, I will stand)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of sthā

Future tense of √sthā, class 1.

Root: sthā (class 1)

पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting (protecting, guarding, maintaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayat

pālayat - protecting, guarding, maintaining

Present Active Participle

From causative of √pā (to protect) + -at suffix.

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Modifies aham.