महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-25, verse-2

सुदुःखा खलु कार्याणां गतिर्विज्ञातुमन्ततः ।
तस्मात्सर्वे उदीक्षध्वं क्व नु स्युः पाण्डवा गताः ॥२॥

2. suduḥkhā khalu kāryāṇāṁ gatirvijñātumantataḥ ,
tasmātsarve udīkṣadhvaṁ kva nu syuḥ pāṇḍavā gatāḥ.

2. suduḥkhā khalu kāryāṇām gatiḥ vijñātum antataḥ
tasmāt sarve udīkṣadhvam kva nu syuḥ pāṇḍavā gatāḥ

2. Indeed, it is very difficult to fully ascertain the course of affairs. Therefore, all of you should diligently search to find out where the Pāṇḍavas have gone.

Words meanings summery:

• सुदुःखा (suduḥkhā) - very difficult, very unhappy

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• कार्याणाम् (kāryāṇām) - of affairs, of actions, of duties

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - course, movement, path, state, outcome

• विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know, to understand, to ascertain

• अन्ततः (antataḥ) - finally, completely, thoroughly

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• उदीक्षध्वम् (udīkṣadhvam) - you all should observe, search, look for

• क्व (kva) - where?

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (interrogative particle)

• स्युः (syuḥ) - they might be, they should be

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, departed

Words meanings and morphology

सुदुःखा (suduḥkhā) - very difficult, very unhappy

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of suduḥkha

suduḥkha - very difficult, very unhappy, very sorrowful

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+duḥkha)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, difficulty, sorrow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Feminine nominative singular agreeing with 'gatiḥ'.

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

कार्याणाम् (kāryāṇām) - of affairs, of actions, of duties

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, affair, matter

Gerundive

From √kṛ, Gerundive suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गतिः (gatiḥ) - course, movement, path, state, outcome

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, course, outcome, state

From √gam 'to go'

Root: gam (class 1)

विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know, to understand, to ascertain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From √jñā with upasarga vi, Infinitive suffix -tum

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

अन्ततः (antataḥ) - finally, completely, thoroughly

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to the sabhāsadaḥ from the previous verse.

उदीक्षध्वम् (udīkṣadhvam) - you all should observe, search, look for

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ud-īkṣ

Imperative Middle

From √īkṣ with upasarga ud, Imperative 2nd person plural, Middle voice

Prefix: ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The sandhi here is from ud + īkṣadhvam = udīkṣadhvam (long ī due to upasarga effect)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

स्युः (syuḥ) - they might be, they should be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative Active

From √as, Optative 3rd person plural

Root: as (class 2)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, past

Past Passive Participle

From √gam, Past Passive Participle

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying Pāṇḍavāḥ.