महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-260, verse-2

अग्निरुवाच ।
यः स विश्रवसः पुत्रो दशग्रीवो महाबलः ।
अवध्यो वरदानेन कृतो भगवता पुरा ॥२॥

2. agniruvāca ,
yaḥ sa viśravasaḥ putro daśagrīvo mahābalaḥ ,
avadhyo varadānena kṛto bhagavatā purā.

2. agniḥ uvāca yaḥ saḥ viśravasaḥ putraḥ daśagrīvaḥ
mahābalaḥ avadhyaḥ varadānena kṛtaḥ bhagavatā purā

2. Agni said: That one, who is the son of Viśravas, the ten-headed and greatly powerful one, was made immune to death (avadhyaḥ) by a boon (varadānena) by the Lord (Bhagavān) in ancient times.

Words meanings summery:

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (god of fire)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, that which

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rāvaṇa. (he, that)

• विश्रवसः (viśravasaḥ) - of Viśravas

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - ten-headed one (an epithet of Rāvaṇa)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - greatly powerful, very strong

• अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - immune to death, invulnerable, not to be killed

• वरदानेन (varadānena) - by a boon, by the gift of a favor

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, created

• भगवता (bhagavatā) - Refers to Brahmā in this context, the one who granted the boon. (by the Lord, by the worshipful one)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

Words meanings and morphology

अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (god of fire)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Root: ag (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rāvaṇa. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विश्रवसः (viśravasaḥ) - of Viśravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viśravas

viśravas - Viśravas (name of a sage, father of Rāvaṇa)

Root: śru (class 5)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - ten-headed one (an epithet of Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - having ten necks/heads

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+grīva)

• daśa – ten
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck, throat
  noun (masculine)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - greatly powerful, very strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat, used as a prefix.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - immune to death, invulnerable, not to be killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, immune to death, invulnerable

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

From root vadh (to strike, kill) with negative prefix a.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vadhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vadhya – to be killed, killable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)
  From root vadh (to strike, kill) + ya suffix.
  Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

वरदानेन (varadānena) - by a boon, by the gift of a favor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of varadāna

varadāna - grant of a boon, bestowing of a favor, a boon

Compound of vara (boon) and dāna (gift).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+dāna)

• vara – boon, blessing, choice, best
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛ (to choose).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• dāna – gift, giving, donation
  noun (neuter)
  From root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, created

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (Rāvaṇa).

भगवता (bhagavatā) - Refers to Brahmā in this context, the one who granted the boon. (by the Lord, by the worshipful one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, venerable, Lord (as a noun)

Derived from bhaga (fortune) + matup suffix.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

(indeclinable)