महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-196, verse-20

नैव यज्ञः स्त्रियः कश्चिन्न श्राद्धं नोपवासकम् ।
या तु भर्तरि शुश्रूषा तया स्वर्गमुपाश्नुते ॥२०॥

20. naiva yajñaḥ striyaḥ kaścinna śrāddhaṁ nopavāsakam ,
yā tu bhartari śuśrūṣā tayā svargamupāśnute.

20. na eva yajñaḥ striyaḥ kaścit na śrāddham na upavāsakam
yā tu bhartari śuśrūṣā tayā svargam upāśnute

20. For a woman, there is neither any Vedic ritual (yajña) nor ancestral offering (śrāddha) nor fasting. Instead, she attains heaven through her service and devotion to her husband.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual (yajña) (sacrifice, worship, Vedic ritual)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - for a woman, of a woman

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - any, some, a certain

• न (na) - not, no

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral offering (śrāddha) (ancestral offering, funeral rite)

• न (na) - not, no

• उपवासकम् (upavāsakam) - fasting, act of fasting

• या (yā) - who, which (feminine)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• भर्तरि (bhartari) - in the husband, to the husband, for the husband

• शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service and devotion (service, obedience, desire to hear, devotion)

• तया (tayā) - by her, by that, through her

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial abode

• उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - she obtains, she enjoys, she reaches

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual (yajña) (sacrifice, worship, Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, worship, offering, Vedic ritual

Root yaj (to worship, sacrifice) + na (suffix)

Root: yaj

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - for a woman, of a woman

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

कश्चित् (kaścit) - any, some, a certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - any, some, someone, something

Formed by the pronoun kim (what) + the particle cit (indicating indefiniteness)

Compound type : pronominal compound (kim+cit)

• kim – what, which, who
  pronoun (neuter)
• cit – a particle indicating indefiniteness: 'some', 'any'
  indeclinable

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral offering (śrāddha) (ancestral offering, funeral rite)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral offering, funeral rite, act of faith, reverence

Derived from śraddhā (faith)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उपवासकम् (upavāsakam) - fasting, act of fasting

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upavāsaka

upavāsaka - fasting, one who fasts

Root vas (to dwell) with upasarga upa, noun forming suffix -aka

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 4)

या (yā) - who, which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, referring to śuśrūṣā.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

भर्तरि (bhartari) - in the husband, to the husband, for the husband

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, supporter, lord

Agent noun

Root bhṛ (to bear, support) + tṛc (suffix)

Root: bhṛ

शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service and devotion (service, obedience, desire to hear, devotion)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - service, obedience, desire to hear, devotion, attendance

Desiderative noun

Desiderative of śru (to hear) + ā (suffix)

Root: śru (class 1)

तया (tayā) - by her, by that, through her

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to śuśrūṣā (service).

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial abode

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - she obtains, she enjoys, she reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upa-aś

Present Tense

root aś (to obtain, pervade) with prefix upa, 5th class, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, present indicative

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 5)