महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-196, verse-10

संशयं परमं प्राप्य वेदनामतुलामपि ।
प्रजायन्ते सुतान्नार्यो दुःखेन महता विभो ।
पुष्णन्ति चापि महता स्नेहेन द्विजसत्तम ॥१०॥

10. saṁśayaṁ paramaṁ prāpya vedanāmatulāmapi ,
prajāyante sutānnāryo duḥkhena mahatā vibho ,
puṣṇanti cāpi mahatā snehena dvijasattama.

10. saṃśayam paramam prāpya vedanām
atulām api prajāyante sutān nāryaḥ
duḥkhena mahatā vibho puṣṇanti ca
api mahatā snehena dvijasattama

10. O mighty one (vibho), O best among twice-born ones (dvijasattama)! Women, having experienced extreme doubt and incomparable pain, give birth to sons with great suffering. And they also nourish them with great affection.

Words meanings summery:

• संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, greatest, extreme

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having experienced

• वेदनाम् (vedanām) - pain, sensation, knowledge

• अतुलाम् (atulām) - incomparable, matchless

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• प्रजायन्ते (prajāyante) - are born, give birth

• सुतान् (sutān) - sons

• नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by suffering, with pain

• महता (mahatā) - great, with great

• विभो (vibho) - O mighty one, O powerful one, O lord

• पुष्णन्ति (puṣṇanti) - they nourish, they cherish, they sustain

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• महता (mahatā) - great, with great

• स्नेहेन (snehena) - by affection, with love

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion, a point of controversy

Derived from saṃ-śī (to doubt).

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, greatest, extreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, excellent, chief, extreme

Superlative of para.

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśayam'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having experienced

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Formed from pra-āp + ya (gerund suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

वेदनाम् (vedanām) - pain, sensation, knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vedanā

vedanā - pain, sensation, feeling, perception, knowledge

From root vid (to know, to feel).

Root: vid (class 2)

अतुलाम् (atulām) - incomparable, matchless

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of atula

atula - incomparable, matchless, unequalled

From a (not) + tulā (comparison).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tulā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tulā – balance, comparison, resemblance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'vedanām'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'vedanām atulām'.

प्रजायन्ते (prajāyante) - are born, give birth

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of prajā

From pra-jan (to be born).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The middle voice suggests the action is for the agent's benefit or self-referential. Here, 'give birth to'.

सुतान् (sutān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

From root sū (to bear, to bring forth) + kta.

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of 'prajāyante'.

नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nārī

nārī - woman, wife, female

Note: Subject of 'prajāyante' and 'puṣṇanti'.

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by suffering, with pain

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

From dus (bad) + kha (hole of an axle, space), meaning "a bad axle-hole" or "discomfort".

Note: Instrument of giving birth.

महता (mahatā) - great, with great

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, immense

Root mah (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkhena'.

विभो (vibho) - O mighty one, O powerful one, O lord

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - omnipresent, powerful, mighty, lord, ruler, all-pervading

From vi (apart, distinctly) + bhū (to be, become).

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the listener/speaker.

पुष्णन्ति (puṣṇanti) - they nourish, they cherish, they sustain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of puṣ

Root in the 4th class, Pāṇinian dhātupāṭha (puṣ).

Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'nāryaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects clauses.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes the action of nourishing.

महता (mahatā) - great, with great

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, immense

Root mah (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'snehena'.

स्नेहेन (snehena) - by affection, with love

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, tenderness, oiliness, unctuousness

From root snih (to be sticky, to love).

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Instrument of nourishing.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born (Brahmins), chief of birds

Superlative compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  From dvi (two) + jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, excellent, most virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama. From sat (good, existent).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Vocative addressing the listener.