महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-136, verse-9

तस्यापचक्रे मेधावी तं शशाप स वीर्यवान् ।
भव भस्मेति चोक्तः स न भस्म समपद्यत ॥९॥

9. tasyāpacakre medhāvī taṁ śaśāpa sa vīryavān ,
bhava bhasmeti coktaḥ sa na bhasma samapadyata.

9. tasya apacakre medhāvī tam śaśāpa saḥ vīryavān
bhava bhasma iti ca uktaḥ saḥ na bhasma samapadyata

9. Medhāvī offended him, and that powerful one cursed him, saying, "Become ashes!" However, he did not turn into ashes.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of the person Medhāvī offended (of him, his, of that)

• अपचक्रे (apacakre) - offended, injured, did wrong

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - the intelligent sage Medhāvī (intelligent, wise, sagacious)

• तम् (tam) - Medhāvī, who was cursed (him, that)

• शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed

• सः (saḥ) - the powerful one who cursed Medhāvī (he, that)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - the powerful person who cursed (powerful, valorous, strong)

• भव (bhava) - become, be

• भस्म (bhasma) - ashes, dust, cinders

• इति (iti) - indicating direct speech (thus, so, in this way)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been said, told, spoken

• सः (saḥ) - Medhāvī (he, that)

• न (na) - not, no

• भस्म (bhasma) - ashes, dust, cinders

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became, turned into, resulted in

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of the person Medhāvī offended (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the individual who was offended.

अपचक्रे (apacakre) - offended, injured, did wrong

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Aorist (luṅ) of apacṛ

Aorist

3rd person singular Ātmanepada aorist of √cṛ with apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: cṛ (class 1)

मेधावी (medhāvī) - the intelligent sage Medhāvī (intelligent, wise, sagacious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - intelligent, wise, sagacious, clever, learned

Formed with suffix -vin from medhā (intelligence).

Note: Used substantively as a proper noun or title.

तम् (tam) - Medhāvī, who was cursed (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Object of the verb śaśāpa.

शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (liṭ) of śap

Perfect

3rd person singular Perfect of √śap.

Root: śap (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - the powerful one who cursed Medhāvī (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Subject of śaśāpa.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - the powerful person who cursed (powerful, valorous, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, strong, heroic, energetic

Formed with suffix -vat from vīrya (power, strength).

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

भव (bhava) - become, be

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative

2nd person singular Imperative of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Part of the direct speech (curse).

भस्म (bhasma) - ashes, dust, cinders

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ashes, dust, cinders

Note: Predicate nominative to 'bhava'.

इति (iti) - indicating direct speech (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct speech.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been said, told, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Medhāvī).

सः (saḥ) - Medhāvī (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Subject of 'samapadyata'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following verb.

भस्म (bhasma) - ashes, dust, cinders

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ashes, dust, cinders

Note: Predicate nominative to 'samapadyata'.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became, turned into, resulted in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of sampad

Imperfect

3rd person singular Imperfect Ātmanepada of √pad with sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)