महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-136, verse-18

लोमश उवाच ।
उक्त्वा स पितरं श्लक्ष्णं यवक्रीरकुतोभयः ।
विप्रकुर्वन्नृषीनन्यानतुष्यत्परया मुदा ॥१८॥

18. lomaśa uvāca ,
uktvā sa pitaraṁ ślakṣṇaṁ yavakrīrakutobhayaḥ ,
viprakurvannṛṣīnanyānatuṣyatparayā mudā.

18. lomaśaḥ uvāca uktvā sa pitaram ślakṣṇam yavakrīḥ
akutobhayaḥ viprakurvan ṛṣīn anyān atuṣyat parayā mudā

18. Lomasa said: Having spoken gently to his father, Yavakri, feeling no fear, proceeded to treat other sages disrespectfully, and was exceedingly pleased with great joy.

18. לוֹמַשַׁה אמר, יַוַקְרִי, חסר פחד, אחרי שאמר זאת בעדינות לאביו, המשיך להתעלל בחוזים אחרים ושמח מאוד.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - Lomasa (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• स (sa) - he (referring to Yavakri) (he, that)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - to his father (father)

• श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - gently or respectfully (adverbial use) (smooth, gentle, polite, respectful)

• यवक्रीः (yavakrīḥ) - Yavakri (a proper name)

• अकुतोभयः (akutobhayaḥ) - fearless, having no fear from anywhere

• विप्रकुर्वन् (viprakurvan) - treating other sages disrespectfully (insulting, disrespecting, treating badly, harming)

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - other sages (sages, seers)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - others, other

• अतुष्यत् (atuṣyat) - was exceedingly pleased (with 'parayā mudā') (was pleased, rejoiced)

• परया (parayā) - with great/supreme (joy) (supreme, excellent, highest)

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy (joy, delight)

Words meanings and morphology

लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - Lomasa (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - name of a sage

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, Perfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root vac + tvā suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - he (referring to Yavakri) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronoun 'tad', nominative singular masculine

पितरम् (pitaram) - to his father (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - gently or respectfully (adverbial use) (smooth, gentle, polite, respectful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, gentle, mild, polite, respectful

यवक्रीः (yavakrīḥ) - Yavakri (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yavakri

yavakri - name of a sage, son of Bharadvaja

अकुतोभयः (akutobhayaḥ) - fearless, having no fear from anywhere

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akutobhaya

akutobhaya - fearless, having no fear from any quarter

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kutaḥ+bhaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kutaḥ – whence, from where
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Yavakri.

विप्रकुर्वन् (viprakurvan) - treating other sages disrespectfully (insulting, disrespecting, treating badly, harming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viprakṛ

viprakṛ - to treat badly, insult, injure, disfigure

Present Active Participle

root kṛ with upasargas vi-pra-, Present, masculine nominative singular

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies Yavakri, indicating simultaneous action.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - other sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer

Note: Object of 'viprakurvan'.

अन्यान् (anyān) - others, other

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣīn'.

अतुष्यत् (atuṣyat) - was exceedingly pleased (with 'parayā mudā') (was pleased, rejoiced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of tuṣ

Imperfect Active

root tuṣ, Imperfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

परया (parayā) - with great/supreme (joy) (supreme, excellent, highest)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, other, distant

मुदा (mudā) - with joy (joy, delight)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

Root: mud (class 1)

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