महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-11, verse-2

चतुर्णां शत्रुजातानां सर्वेषामाततायिनाम् ।
मित्रं चामित्रमित्रं च बोद्धव्यं तेऽरिकर्शन ॥२॥

2. caturṇāṁ śatrujātānāṁ sarveṣāmātatāyinām ,
mitraṁ cāmitramitraṁ ca boddhavyaṁ te'rikarśana.

2. caturṇām śatrujātānām sarveṣām ātatāyinām mitram
ca amitramitram ca boddhavyam te arikarśana

2. arikarśana te caturṇām śatrujātānām sarveṣām
ātatāyinām ca mitram ca amitramitram boddhavyam

2. O subduer of foes (arikarśana), you should understand the four categories of enemies: all aggressors, as well as one's own friend, and the friend of an enemy.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four

• शत्रुजातानाम् (śatrujātānām) - of the born enemies, of the enemy types, of the categories of enemies

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• आततायिनाम् (ātatāyinām) - of the aggressors, of the attackers

• मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend

• च (ca) - and, also

• अमित्रमित्रम् (amitramitram) - a friend of an enemy

• च (ca) - and, also

• बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - should be known, should be understood

• ते (te) - by you

• अरिकर्शन (arikarśana) - O Yudhishthira (as the subduer of foes) (O subduer of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four

(numeral adjective)

Note: Agrees with śatrujātānām.

शत्रुजातानाम् (śatrujātānām) - of the born enemies, of the enemy types, of the categories of enemies

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śatrujāta

śatrujāta - born of an enemy, type of enemy, a class of enemy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+jāta)

• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• jāta – born, produced, arisen, occurred, type, kind
  verbal derivative (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root jan 'to be born, produced'.
  Root: jan (class 4)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with ātatāyinām.

आततायिनाम् (ātatāyinām) - of the aggressors, of the attackers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ātatāyin

ātatāyin - an aggressor, assailant, one who has drawn a bow

Agent noun derived from the root tan (to stretch) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally

Note: In a passive construction, this can be the subject or the object that 'should be understood'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अमित्रमित्रम् (amitramitram) - a friend of an enemy

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amitramitra

amitramitra - friend of an enemy, an enemy's friend

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (amitra+mitra)

• amitra – enemy, foe, not a friend
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from mitra with the negative prefix 'a-'.
  Prefix: a
• mitra – friend, companion, ally
  noun (neuter)

Note: In a passive construction, this can be the subject or the object that 'should be understood'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - should be known, should be understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of boddhavya

boddhavya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible

Gerundive

Formed from the root budh (to know, perceive) with the suffix -tavya.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate in a passive construction.

ते (te) - by you

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

Note: In gerundive constructions, the agent is often expressed in the dative or genitive case.

अरिकर्शन (arikarśana) - O Yudhishthira (as the subduer of foes) (O subduer of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arikarśana

arikarśana - subduer of enemies, tormentor of foes

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (ari+karśana)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• karśana – causing to grow thin, emaciating, tormenting, subduing
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  Agent noun/Action noun
  Derived from the root kṛś (to make thin, reduce, torment).
  Root: kṛś (class 1)