महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-46, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
प्राचेतसस्य वचनं कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः ।
यस्याः किंचिन्नाददते ज्ञातयो न स विक्रयः ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
prācetasasya vacanaṁ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ ,
yasyāḥ kiṁcinnādadate jñātayo na sa vikrayaḥ.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca prācetasasya vacanam kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ
yasyāḥ kiñcit na ādadate jñātayaḥ na saḥ vikrayaḥ

1. Bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
purāvidaḥ prācetasasya vacanam kīrtayanti: yasyāḥ jñātayaḥ kiñcit na ādadate,
saḥ na vikrayaḥ.

1. Bhishma said: 'Experts in ancient traditions (purāvidaḥ) recount the statement of Pracetas: "That is not a sale if the kinsmen (jñātayaḥ) do not accept anything (as payment) from her."'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्राचेतसस्य (prācetasasya) - of Pracetas

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement, saying

• कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they mention, they relate, they praise

• पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - experts in ancient traditions (purāvidaḥ) (knowers of ancient lore, ancient scholars)

• यस्याः (yasyāḥ) - from her (the maiden) (from whom, of whom (feminine))

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything (as payment) (anything, something, a little)

• न (na) - not, no

• आददते (ādadate) - they take, they accept, they receive

• ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - kinsmen (jñātayaḥ) (relatives, kinsmen, family members)

• सः (saḥ) - that transaction (that (masculine singular nominative))

• विक्रयः (vikrayaḥ) - sale, selling

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Bhīṣma

Bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada

From root √vac (to speak, say)

Root: vac (class 2)

प्राचेतसस्य (prācetasasya) - of Pracetas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of Pracetas

Pracetas - Name of a sage, often associated with Manu

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they mention, they relate, they praise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kīrtay

Present tense, Parasmaipada, Causal

Causal from root √kṛt (to cut, divide), or derived from kīrti (fame)

Root: kṛt (class 6)

पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - experts in ancient traditions (purāvidaḥ) (knowers of ancient lore, ancient scholars)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purāvid

purāvid - knower of ancient lore or tradition, ancient scholar

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (purā+vid)

• purā – formerly, anciently, in former times
  indeclinable
• vid – knowing, conversant with, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

यस्याः (yasyāḥ) - from her (the maiden) (from whom, of whom (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything (as payment) (anything, something, a little)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आददते (ādadate) - they take, they accept, they receive

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ādā

Present tense, Atmanepada

From root √dā (to give) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - kinsmen (jñātayaḥ) (relatives, kinsmen, family members)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relative, kinsman, family member, caste member

सः (saḥ) - that transaction (that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

विक्रयः (vikrayaḥ) - sale, selling

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikraya

vikraya - sale, selling, traffic

Prefix: vi

Root: krī (class 9)