महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-46, verse-13

पिता रक्षति कौमारे भर्ता रक्षति यौवने ।
पुत्रास्तु स्थविरीभावे न स्त्री स्वातन्त्र्यमर्हति ॥१३॥

13. pitā rakṣati kaumāre bhartā rakṣati yauvane ,
putrāstu sthavirībhāve na strī svātantryamarhati.

13. pitā rakṣati kaumāre bhartā rakṣati yauvane putrāḥ
tu sthavirībhāve na strī svātantryam arhati

13. pitā kaumāre rakṣati bhartā yauvane rakṣati tu
putrāḥ sthavirībhāve na strī svātantryam arhati

13. A father protects a woman in her childhood, a husband protects her in her youth, and her sons protect her in old age. Indeed, a woman does not deserve independence.

Words meanings summery:

• पिता (pitā) - father

• रक्षति (rakṣati) - protects, guards, preserves

• कौमारे (kaumāre) - in childhood, in virginity, in early youth

• भर्ता (bhartā) - husband, lord, supporter

• रक्षति (rakṣati) - protects, guards, preserves

• यौवने (yauvane) - in youth, in adolescence

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• स्थविरीभावे (sthavirībhāve) - in old age, in the state of being old

• न (na) - not, no

• स्त्री (strī) - woman, female

• स्वातन्त्र्यम् (svātantryam) - independence, autonomy, freedom

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought

Words meanings and morphology

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, parent

रक्षति (rakṣati) - protects, guards, preserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rakṣ

Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, from the root 'rakṣ'.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

कौमारे (kaumāre) - in childhood, in virginity, in early youth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kaumāra

kaumāra - childhood, virginity, early youth, the state of a boy or girl

Derived from 'kumāra' (boy, youth, prince).

भर्ता (bhartā) - husband, lord, supporter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, lord, master, maintainer

Derived from root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support).

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

रक्षति (rakṣati) - protects, guards, preserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rakṣ

Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, from the root 'rakṣ'.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

यौवने (yauvane) - in youth, in adolescence

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, adolescence, young age

Derived from 'yuvan' (young).

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

स्थविरीभावे (sthavirībhāve) - in old age, in the state of being old

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sthavirībhāva

sthavirībhāva - old age, condition of being old, state of decrepitude

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sthavira+bhāva)

• sthavira – old, aged, ancient
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'bhū' (to be, exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स्त्री (strī) - woman, female

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

स्वातन्त्र्यम् (svātantryam) - independence, autonomy, freedom

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svātantrya

svātantrya - independence, autonomy, freedom, self-reliance

Derived from 'svatantra' (independent) with the suffix '-ya' forming an abstract noun.

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, from the root 'arh'.

Root: arh (class 1)