महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-3, verse-9

त्रिशङ्कुर्बन्धुसंत्यक्त इक्ष्वाकुः प्रीतिपूर्वकम् ।
अवाक्शिरा दिवं नीतो दक्षिणामाश्रितो दिशम् ॥९॥

9. triśaṅkurbandhusaṁtyakta ikṣvākuḥ prītipūrvakam ,
avākśirā divaṁ nīto dakṣiṇāmāśrito diśam.

9. triśaṅkuḥ bandhusaṃtyaktaḥ ikṣvākuḥ prītipūrvakam
avākśirāḥ divam nītaḥ dakṣiṇām āśritaḥ diśam

9. bandhusaṃtyaktaḥ ikṣvākuḥ triśaṅkuḥ prītipūrvakam
avākśirāḥ divam nītaḥ dakṣiṇām diśam āśritaḥ

9. King Triśaṅku of the Ikṣvāku dynasty, abandoned by his relatives, was lovingly led towards heaven, but head downwards, having been made to face the southern direction.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिशङ्कुः (triśaṅkuḥ) - Triśaṅku (name of a king)

• बन्धुसंत्यक्तः (bandhusaṁtyaktaḥ) - abandoned by relatives

• इक्ष्वाकुः (ikṣvākuḥ) - of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (king)

• प्रीतिपूर्वकम् (prītipūrvakam) - with affection, lovingly

• अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - head downwards

• दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, sky

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, carried, taken

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, right

• आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having been made to face / having been directed towards (resorted to, dependent on, taken refuge in)

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिशङ्कुः (triśaṅkuḥ) - Triśaṅku (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of triśaṅku

triśaṅku - name of a king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty

बन्धुसंत्यक्तः (bandhusaṁtyaktaḥ) - abandoned by relatives

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhusaṃtyakta

bandhusaṁtyakta - abandoned by relatives

Past Passive Participle

compound of bandhu (relative) and saṃtyakta (abandoned)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bandhu+saṃtyakta)

• bandhu – relative, kinsman
  noun (masculine)
• saṃtyakta – abandoned, relinquished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam- + √tyaj (to abandon)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

इक्ष्वाकुः (ikṣvākuḥ) - of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ikṣvāku

ikṣvāku - name of a legendary king and founder of the solar dynasty

प्रीतिपूर्वकम् (prītipūrvakam) - with affection, lovingly

(indeclinable)

from prīti (affection) + pūrvaka (preceded by), adverbial form

Compound type : tatpurusha (prīti+pūrvaka)

• prīti – affection, love, joy
  noun (feminine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• pūrvaka – preceded by, accompanied by
  adjective (neuter)

Note: adverbial usage

अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - head downwards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avākśiras

avākśiras - head downwards, inverted

compound of avāk (downwards) + śiras (head)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avāk+śiras)

• avāk – downwards, below
  indeclinable
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, carried, taken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, carried, brought, taken

Past Passive Participle

from √nī (to lead, carry)

Root: nī (class 1)

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, right

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - south, right, southern direction

आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having been made to face / having been directed towards (resorted to, dependent on, taken refuge in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, dependent on, supported, inhabiting

Past Passive Participle

from ā- + √śri (to resort to, lean on)

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region