महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-3, verse-18

एतत्तत्त्वेन मे राजन्सर्वमाख्यातुमर्हसि ।
मतंगस्य यथातत्त्वं तथैवैतद्ब्रवीहि मे ॥१८॥

18. etattattvena me rājansarvamākhyātumarhasi ,
mataṁgasya yathātattvaṁ tathaivaitadbravīhi me.

18. etat tattvena me rājan sarvam ākhyātum arhasi |
mataṃgasya yathātattvam tathā eva etat bravīhi me

18. rājan me etat sarvam tattvena ākhyātum arhasi
mataṃgasya yathātattvam tathā eva etat me bravīhi

18. O king, you should explain all this to me in its true nature. Please tell me about Mataṅga exactly as it occurred.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this matter, this story (this, this one, here)

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in its true nature (by truth, truly, in reality, in its true nature)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all this (matter/story) (all, every, whole)

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to explain (to explain, to narrate, to tell)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you ought (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

• मतंगस्य (mataṁgasya) - concerning Mataṅga (of Mataṅga)

• यथातत्त्वम् (yathātattvam) - exactly as it happened (according to reality, exactly, truly)

• तथा (tathā) - just so, similarly (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - exactly, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• एतत् (etat) - this (story/matter) (this, this one)

• ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell (tell, speak, say)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this matter, this story (this, this one, here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Context suggests accusative.

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in its true nature (by truth, truly, in reality, in its true nature)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - reality, truth, true nature, principle

Derived from `tad` (that) + `tva` (suffix forming abstract nouns).

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Enclitic form of first person pronoun.

Note: Here used in dative sense.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root `rāj` (to shine, rule).

Root: rāj (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all this (matter/story) (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with `etat`.

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to explain (to explain, to narrate, to tell)

(verb)

active, infinitive of ākhyā

infinitive

Infinitive form of verb `ākhyā` (`ā` + `khyā`). Root `khyā` (to tell, to be known).

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you ought (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present indicative, second person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

मतंगस्य (mataṁgasya) - concerning Mataṅga (of Mataṅga)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mataṃga

mataṁga - Name of a sage

यथातत्त्वम् (yathātattvam) - exactly as it happened (according to reality, exactly, truly)

(indeclinable)

Compound adverb formed with `yathā` and `tattvam`.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tattva)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• tattva – reality, truth, true nature, principle
  noun (neuter)

तथा (tathā) - just so, similarly (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Correlative of `yathā`.

एव (eva) - exactly, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

एतत् (etat) - this (story/matter) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Here used in accusative sense.

ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell (tell, speak, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative, second person singular. This root has an irregular conjugation.

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Enclitic form of first person pronoun.

Note: Here used in dative sense.