महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-29, verse-5

तिर्यग्योनिगतः सर्वो मानुष्यं यदि गच्छति ।
स जायते पुल्कसो वा चण्डालो वा कदाचन ॥५॥

5. tiryagyonigataḥ sarvo mānuṣyaṁ yadi gacchati ,
sa jāyate pulkaso vā caṇḍālo vā kadācana.

5. tiryagyonigataḥ sarvaḥ mānuṣyam yadi gacchati
sa jāyate pulakasaḥ vā caṇḍālaḥ vā kadācana

5. yadi tiryagyonigataḥ sarvaḥ mānuṣyam gacchati,
sa kadācana pulakasaḥ vā caṇḍālaḥ vā jāyate

5. If any being, having taken birth in an animal species, ever attains a human birth, he is born either as an outcaste (pulakasa) or a caṇḍāla.

Words meanings summery:

• तिर्यग्योनिगतः (tiryagyonigataḥ) - having taken birth in an animal species (having gone into an animal womb, born in an animal species)

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - any being (all, every, any (being))

• मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - a human birth (human state, humanity, human birth)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• गच्छति (gacchati) - attains (goes, attains, reaches)

• स (sa) - he (he, that)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born

• पुलकसः (pulakasaḥ) - an outcaste (pulakasa) (an outcaste, a low-caste person)

• वा (vā) - or

• चण्डालः (caṇḍālaḥ) - a caṇḍāla (an outcaste, an untouchable)

• वा (vā) - or

• कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at some point (at some time, ever, at any time)

Words meanings and morphology

तिर्यग्योनिगतः (tiryagyonigataḥ) - having taken birth in an animal species (having gone into an animal womb, born in an animal species)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tiryagyonigata

tiryagyonigata - having gone into a lower birth, born as an animal

Compound: tiryak (animal) + yoni (womb) + gata (gone, obtained).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tiryak+yoni+gata)

• tiryak – animal, beast, horizontally
  adjective
• yoni – womb, origin, source, birth, species
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yu (class 2)
• gata – gone, attained, obtained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to sarvaḥ

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - any being (all, every, any (being))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - a human birth (human state, humanity, human birth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mānuṣya

mānuṣya - humanity, human state, human nature, human birth

Derived from manuṣya (human being).

Note: Object of gacchati

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause

गच्छति (gacchati) - attains (goes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gam

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

स (sa) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers back to sarvaḥ tiryagyonigataḥ

जायते (jāyate) - is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of √jan (class 4).

Root: jan (class 4)

पुलकसः (pulakasaḥ) - an outcaste (pulakasa) (an outcaste, a low-caste person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pulakasa

pulakasa - a person of a very low caste, an outcaste, untouchable

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects alternatives

चण्डालः (caṇḍālaḥ) - a caṇḍāla (an outcaste, an untouchable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caṇḍāla

caṇḍāla - an outcaste, a person of the lowest social class, an untouchable

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects alternatives

कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at some point (at some time, ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to express possibility or uncertainty.