महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-115, verse-11

मातापितृसमायोगे पुत्रत्वं जायते यथा ।
रसं च प्रति जिह्वायाः प्रज्ञानं जायते तथा ।
तथा शास्त्रेषु नियतं रागो ह्यास्वादिताद्भवेत् ॥११॥

11. mātāpitṛsamāyoge putratvaṁ jāyate yathā ,
rasaṁ ca prati jihvāyāḥ prajñānaṁ jāyate tathā ,
tathā śāstreṣu niyataṁ rāgo hyāsvāditādbhavet.

11. mātāpitṛsamāyoge putratvam jāyate
yathā rasam ca prati jihvāyāḥ
prajñānam jāyate tathā tathā śāstreṣu
niyatam rāgaḥ hi āsvāditāt bhavet

11. yathā mātāpitṛsamāyoge putratvam
jāyate ca yathā jihvāyāḥ prati rasam
prajñānam jāyate tathā tathā niyatam
śāstreṣu āsvāditāt hi rāgaḥ bhavet

11. Just as sonship arises from the union of a mother and father, and just as the discernment of taste arises from the tongue, so too, a definite attachment to the scriptures (śāstras) develops from having experienced their essence.

Words meanings summery:

• मातापितृसमायोगे (mātāpitṛsamāyoge) - in the union of mother and father

• पुत्रत्वम् (putratvam) - sonship, state of being a son/child

• जायते (jāyate) - arises, is born

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• रसम् (rasam) - taste, flavor, essence

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding

• जिह्वायाः (jihvāyāḥ) - of the tongue, from the tongue

• प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - discernment, knowledge, understanding

• जायते (jāyate) - arises, is produced

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly

• शास्त्रेषु (śāstreṣu) - in the scriptures, in the treatises

• नियतम् (niyatam) - certainly, definitely, constantly

• रागः (rāgaḥ) - attraction, attachment, passion

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• आस्वादितात् (āsvāditāt) - from the experienced essence of the scriptures (from what has been tasted/experienced)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may arise, should arise, arises

Words meanings and morphology

मातापितृसमायोगे (mātāpitṛsamāyoge) - in the union of mother and father

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mātāpitṛsamāyoga

mātāpitṛsamāyoga - union of mother and father

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mātāpitṛ+samāyoga)

• mātāpitṛ – mother and father
  noun (masculine)
  compound of mātṛ and pitṛ
• samāyoga – union, conjunction, connection
  noun (masculine)
  from sam-ā-yuj + ghañ
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

पुत्रत्वम् (putratvam) - sonship, state of being a son/child

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of putratva

putratva - sonship, state of being a son/child

from putra + tva (suffix for abstract noun)

जायते (jāyate) - arises, is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present, middle voice

Root: jan (class 4)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

रसम् (rasam) - taste, flavor, essence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, juice, essence, emotion

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding

(indeclinable)

preposition governing accusative

जिह्वायाः (jihvāyāḥ) - of the tongue, from the tongue

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue

Note: Also can be ablative singular. Context suggests 'from' or 'of'.

प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - discernment, knowledge, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prajñāna

prajñāna - discernment, knowledge, understanding, intelligence

from pra-jñā + lyuṭ

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

जायते (jāyate) - arises, is produced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present, middle voice

Root: jan (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly

(indeclinable)

शास्त्रेषु (śāstreṣu) - in the scriptures, in the treatises

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of śāstra

śāstra - scripture, treatise, sacred book, instruction

नियतम् (niyatam) - certainly, definitely, constantly

(indeclinable)

past passive participle

from ni-yam + kta

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean 'definitely, certainly'.

रागः (rāgaḥ) - attraction, attachment, passion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāga

rāga - color, tint, passion, affection, attachment, love, melody

from rañj + ghañ

Root: rañj (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

आस्वादितात् (āsvāditāt) - from the experienced essence of the scriptures (from what has been tasted/experienced)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āsvādita

āsvādita - tasted, experienced, enjoyed

past passive participle

from ā-svad + kta

Prefix: ā

Root: svad (class 1)

Note: Here 'āsvāditāt' refers to the 'experienced essence' or 'tasted substance' of the scriptures.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may arise, should arise, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

optative, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Often used to express a general truth or potential.