महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-115, verse-10

दोषांस्तु भक्षणे राजन्मांसस्येह निबोध मे ।
पुत्रमांसोपमं जानन्खादते यो विचेतनः ॥१०॥

10. doṣāṁstu bhakṣaṇe rājanmāṁsasyeha nibodha me ,
putramāṁsopamaṁ jānankhādate yo vicetanaḥ.

10. doṣān tu bhakṣaṇe rājan māṃsasya iha nibodha
me putramāṃsopamam jānan khādate yaḥ vicetanaḥ

10. rājan,
tu me iha māṃsasya bhakṣaṇe doṣān nibodha.
yaḥ putramāṃsopamam jānan khādate,
[saḥ] vicetanaḥ [asti].

10. O King, indeed, learn from me here the defects in consuming meat. Whoever eats it, knowing it to be comparable to a son's flesh, is truly senseless.

Words meanings summery:

• दोषान् (doṣān) - defects (faults, defects, sins, vices)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• भक्षणे (bhakṣaṇe) - in consuming (in eating, in consuming, in feeding)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• मांसस्य (māṁsasya) - of meat (of meat, concerning meat)

• इह (iha) - here, in this context (here, in this world, in this matter)

• निबोध (nibodha) - learn, understand (understand, perceive, learn, know)

• मे (me) - from me (to me, for me, my, from me)

• पुत्रमांसोपमम् (putramāṁsopamam) - comparable to a son's flesh

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, realizing (knowing, understanding, realizing)

• खादते (khādate) - eats, consumes (eats, consumes, devours)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which, whoever)

• विचेतनः (vicetanaḥ) - senseless, bewildered (senseless, unconscious, bewildered, stupid)

Words meanings and morphology

दोषान् (doṣān) - defects (faults, defects, sins, vices)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, sin, evil

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of `nibodha`.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

भक्षणे (bhakṣaṇe) - in consuming (in eating, in consuming, in feeding)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhakṣaṇa

bhakṣaṇa - eating, consuming, food

From √bhakṣ with suffix -ana.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Refers to the act of eating.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem.

Root: rāj (class 1)

मांसस्य (māṁsasya) - of meat (of meat, concerning meat)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

Note: Relates to `bhakṣaṇe`.

इह (iha) - here, in this context (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or topic.

निबोध (nibodha) - learn, understand (understand, perceive, learn, know)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nībodh

Imperative Active

From √budh (1st class) with prefix ni-. 2nd person singular.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me (to me, for me, my, from me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic form of 1st person pronoun.

Note: Used in the sense of 'from me' or 'my' (referring to 'my words').

पुत्रमांसोपमम् (putramāṁsopamam) - comparable to a son's flesh

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of putramāṃsopama

putramāṁsopama - similar to a son's flesh

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (putra+māṃsa+upama)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)
• upama – like, resembling, similar
  adjective

Note: Adjective modifying implied `māṃsam` or the act of `bhakṣaṇam`.

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, realizing (knowing, understanding, realizing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, aware, wise

Present Active Participle

From √jñā (9th class).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions adverbially to describe the manner of eating.

खादते (khādate) - eats, consumes (eats, consumes, devours)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of khād

Present Middle

1st class verb, middle voice. 3rd person singular.

Root: khād (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of `khādate`.

विचेतनः (vicetanaḥ) - senseless, bewildered (senseless, unconscious, bewildered, stupid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicetana

vicetana - unconscious, senseless, bewildered, stupid, foolish

Compound with prefix vi-.

Compound type : Praadi (vi+cetana)

• vi – asunder, apart, without, reverse
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• cetana – conscious, intelligent, sentient, spirit
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cit with suffix -ana.
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for the implied subject of the `yaḥ` clause.