महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-115, verse-16

एवमेषा महाराज चतुर्भिः कारणैर्वृता ।
अहिंसा तव निर्दिष्टा सर्वधर्मार्थसंहिता ॥१६॥

16. evameṣā mahārāja caturbhiḥ kāraṇairvṛtā ,
ahiṁsā tava nirdiṣṭā sarvadharmārthasaṁhitā.

16. evam eṣā mahārāja caturbhiḥ kāraṇaiḥ vṛtā
ahiṃsā tava nirdiṣṭā sarvadharmārthasaṃhitā

16. mahārāja evam caturbhiḥ kāraṇaiḥ vṛtā eṣā
ahiṃsā sarvadharmārthasaṃhitā tava nirdiṣṭā

16. O great king, this principle of non-violence (ahiṃsā), explained with four reasons, has thus been declared to you as consistent with all principles (dharma) and purposes.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

• कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons, by causes

• वृता (vṛtā) - explained (with reasons) (surrounded, covered, described, supported)

• अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence (ahiṃsā)

• तव (tava) - to you, for you, your

• निर्दिष्टा (nirdiṣṭā) - declared, taught, prescribed

• सर्वधर्मार्थसंहिता (sarvadharmārthasaṁhitā) - consistent with all principles and purposes

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'ahiṃsā'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound noun.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'kāraṇaiḥ'.

कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons, by causes

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

From root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वृता (vṛtā) - explained (with reasons) (surrounded, covered, described, supported)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, appointed, described

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vṛ (to cover, choose, describe) with the suffix -ta.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence (ahiṃsā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-injury, harmlessness

Derived from the root hiṃs (to injure) with the negative prefix a- and feminine suffix -ā.

Prefix: a

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

तव (tava) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can function as dative in some contexts ('to you').

निर्दिष्टा (nirdiṣṭā) - declared, taught, prescribed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirdiṣṭa

nirdiṣṭa - declared, taught, prescribed, indicated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root diś (to point, show, declare) with the prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: diś (class 6)

सर्वधर्मार्थसंहिता (sarvadharmārthasaṁhitā) - consistent with all principles and purposes

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarvadharmārthasaṃhitā

sarvadharmārthasaṁhitā - consistent with all principles (dharma) and purposes/aims

Compound adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (from tatpurusha parts) (sarva+dharma+artha+saṃhitā)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, principle, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• saṃhitā – joined, connected, consistent, collection
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root dhā (to place, hold) with prefixes sam- and a feminine suffix -ā. Also treated as a noun meaning collection or compilation.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)