महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-300, verse-4

ततः शतसहस्रांशुरव्यक्तेनाभिचोदितः ।
कृत्वा द्वादशधात्मानमादित्यो ज्वलदग्निवत् ॥४॥

4. tataḥ śatasahasrāṁśuravyaktenābhicoditaḥ ,
kṛtvā dvādaśadhātmānamādityo jvaladagnivat.

4. tataḥ śata-sahasrāṃśuḥ avyaktena abhicoditaḥ
kṛtvā dvādaśadhā ātmānam ādityaḥ jvalat-agnivat

4. tataḥ avyaktena abhicoditaḥ śata-sahasrāṃśuḥ ādityaḥ,
ātmānam dvādaśadhā kṛtvā,
jvalat-agnivat (bhavati)

4. Thereafter, the sun (Āditya), possessing a hundred thousand rays and impelled by the unmanifest (avyakta), having transformed himself twelve-fold, became like a blazing fire.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

• शत-सहस्रांशुः (śata-sahasrāṁśuḥ) - the sun (literally, 'having a hundred thousand rays')

• अव्यक्तेन (avyaktena) - By the ultimate unmanifest reality or principle. (by the unmanifest)

• अभिचोदितः (abhicoditaḥ) - impelled, urged, commanded

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done, having performed

• द्वादशधा (dvādaśadhā) - twelve-fold, in twelve ways

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - Referring to the sun's own being or power. (himself, the self, its essence)

• आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun god, the sun

• ज्वलत्-अग्निवत् (jvalat-agnivat) - like a blazing fire

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

(indeclinable)

शत-सहस्रांशुः (śata-sahasrāṁśuḥ) - the sun (literally, 'having a hundred thousand rays')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śata-sahasrāṃśu

śata-sahasrāṁśu - having a hundred thousand rays (an epithet of the sun)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+sahasra+aṃśu)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• aṃśu – ray, beam of light
  noun (masculine)

अव्यक्तेन (avyaktena) - By the ultimate unmanifest reality or principle. (by the unmanifest)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, not distinct, imperceptible

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vyakta – manifest, distinct, apparent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'añj' (to anoint, make manifest) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Used here as a noun referring to the unmanifest Lord.

अभिचोदितः (abhicoditaḥ) - impelled, urged, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhicodita

abhicodita - impelled, urged, directed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'cud' (to urge, impel) with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'ādityaḥ'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) form.

द्वादशधा (dvādaśadhā) - twelve-fold, in twelve ways

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'dvādaśa' (twelve) with the suffix '-dhā' indicating 'fold' or 'ways'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - Referring to the sun's own being or power. (himself, the self, its essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, spirit, breath

आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun god, the sun

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - a descendant of Aditi; the sun, sun god

ज्वलत्-अग्निवत् (jvalat-agnivat) - like a blazing fire

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jvalat+agni)

• jvalat – blazing, burning, glowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'jval' (to blaze).
  Root: jval (class 1)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)