महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-238, verse-19

यद्यप्यस्य महीं दद्याद्रत्नपूर्णामिमां नरः ।
इदमेव ततः श्रेय इति मन्येत तत्त्ववित् ॥१९॥

19. yadyapyasya mahīṁ dadyādratnapūrṇāmimāṁ naraḥ ,
idameva tataḥ śreya iti manyeta tattvavit.

19. yadi api asya mahīm dadyāt ratnapūrṇām imām
naraḥ idam eva tataḥ śreyaḥ iti manyeta tattvavit

19. yadi naraḥ asya imām ratnapūrṇām mahīm api dadyāt,
tattvavit tataḥ idam eva śreyaḥ iti manyeta

19. Even if a person were to offer this entire earth, filled with jewels, to such a (worthy) individual, a knower of the truth (tattvavit) would still consider this (teaching) alone to be superior to that (material gift).

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too, although)

• अस्य (asya) - to him (the worthy recipient) (to him, his, of this)

• महीम् (mahīm) - the entire earth (earth, ground, land)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - were to offer (should give, would give, may give)

• रत्नपूर्णाम् (ratnapūrṇām) - filled with jewels (full of jewels, filled with gems)

• इमाम् (imām) - this (earth) (this, this one)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person, human being)

• इदम् (idam) - this (teaching) (this)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, truly)

• ततः (tataḥ) - to that (gift), from that (comparison) (then, thence, therefore, from that)

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superior (better, superior, more excellent, welfare, bliss)

• इति (iti) - (marks direct thought/speech) (thus, so, in this way)

• मन्येत (manyeta) - would consider (should think, would consider, would believe)

• तत्त्ववित् (tattvavit) - a knower of the truth (tattvavit) (knower of truth, one who knows reality)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too, although)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with yadi to form "even if".

अस्य (asya) - to him (the worthy recipient) (to him, his, of this)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the worthy recipients mentioned in the previous verse.

महीम् (mahīm) - the entire earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land, soil

Note: Object of 'dadyāt'.

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - were to offer (should give, would give, may give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Potential/Optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses possibility or a hypothetical condition.

रत्नपूर्णाम् (ratnapūrṇām) - filled with jewels (full of jewels, filled with gems)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ratnapūrṇa

ratnapūrṇa - full of jewels, jewel-filled

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (ratna+pūrṇa)

• ratna – gem, jewel, precious stone
  noun (neuter)
• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √pṛ
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'mahīm'.

इमाम् (imām) - this (earth) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'mahīm'.

नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Subject of 'dadyāt'.

इदम् (idam) - this (teaching) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the teaching, subject of the second clause.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, truly)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - to that (gift), from that (comparison) (then, thence, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Implies comparison: 'superior to that (gift)'.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superior (better, superior, more excellent, welfare, bliss)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, more excellent, good, welfare, bliss

Comparative form of śrī (prosperity, wealth) or praśasya (excellent)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'idam'.

इति (iti) - (marks direct thought/speech) (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the thought 'idam eva tataḥ śreyaḥ'.

मन्येत (manyeta) - would consider (should think, would consider, would believe)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Potential/Optative (vidhiliṅ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Expresses possibility or a hypothetical action.

तत्त्ववित् (tattvavit) - a knower of the truth (tattvavit) (knower of truth, one who knows reality)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tattvavid

tattvavid - knower of truth, reality, principle

Compound: tattva (truth/reality) + vid (knower)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tattva+vid)

• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'manyeta'.