महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-238, verse-16

तदिदं नाप्रशान्ताय नादान्तायातपस्विने ।
नावेदविदुषे वाच्यं तथा नानुगताय च ॥१६॥

16. tadidaṁ nāpraśāntāya nādāntāyātapasvine ,
nāvedaviduṣe vācyaṁ tathā nānugatāya ca.

16. tat idam na apraśāntāya na adāntāya atapasvine
na avedaviduṣe vācyam tathā na anugatāya ca

16. idam tat na apraśāntāya na adāntāya atapasvine
na avedaviduṣe tathā na anugatāya ca vācyam

16. This (teaching) should not be imparted to one who is not tranquil, nor to one who lacks self-control, nor to one who does not practice austerity (tapas), nor to one who is ignorant of the Vedas, and similarly, not to one who is disobedient.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - this (teaching) (that, this)

• इदम् (idam) - this (teaching) (this)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अप्रशान्ताय (apraśāntāya) - to one who is not tranquil (to one who is not tranquil, to the restless)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अदान्ताय (adāntāya) - to one who lacks self-control (to one who is not self-controlled, to the unrestrained)

• अतपस्विने (atapasvine) - to one who does not practice austerity (tapas) (to one who is not practicing austerity, to the non-ascetic)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अवेदविदुषे (avedaviduṣe) - to one who is ignorant of the Vedas (to one who does not know the Vedas, to the non-Vedic scholar)

• वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be imparted (the teaching) (to be spoken, to be said, to be told)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अनुगताय (anugatāya) - to one who is disobedient (to one who is not devoted, to the disobedient)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - this (teaching) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the teaching being discussed.

इदम् (idam) - this (teaching) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the teaching being discussed.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अप्रशान्ताय (apraśāntāya) - to one who is not tranquil (to one who is not tranquil, to the restless)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of apraśānta

apraśānta - not tranquil, restless, unquiet

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+praśānta)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• praśānta – tranquil, calm, pacified
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from pra-√śam
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śam (class 4)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अदान्ताय (adāntāya) - to one who lacks self-control (to one who is not self-controlled, to the unrestrained)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of adānta

adānta - unsubdued, uncontrolled, unrestrained

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dānta)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• dānta – self-controlled, subdued, tamed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √dam
  Root: dam (class 4)

अतपस्विने (atapasvine) - to one who does not practice austerity (tapas) (to one who is not practicing austerity, to the non-ascetic)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of atapasvin

atapasvin - not practicing austerity, not ascetic

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tapasvin)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• tapasvin – practicing austerity, ascetic, pious
  adjective (masculine)
  Possessive suffix -vin added to tapas

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अवेदविदुषे (avedaviduṣe) - to one who is ignorant of the Vedas (to one who does not know the Vedas, to the non-Vedic scholar)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of avedaviduṣ

avedaviduṣ - not knowing the Vedas

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vedaviduṣ)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• vedaviduṣ – knower of the Vedas, learned in the Vedas
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: Veda + viduṣ (knower)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to knowledge of the sacred texts (Vedas).

वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be imparted (the teaching) (to be spoken, to be said, to be told)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, expressible, laudable

Gerundive

Formed from √vac with suffix -ya

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective to "idam tat".

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the previous negative conditions to the next.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अनुगताय (anugatāya) - to one who is disobedient (to one who is not devoted, to the disobedient)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of anugata

anugata - followed, obedient, devoted, conforming

Past Passive Participle

Derived from anu-√gam

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The negation 'na' applies to this word.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the last item in the list of prohibitions.