महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-182, verse-6

कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं यो विशत्यनिशं शुचिः ।
वेदाध्ययनसंपन्नः स वैश्य इति संज्ञितः ॥६॥

6. kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyaṁ yo viśatyaniśaṁ śuciḥ ,
vedādhyayanasaṁpannaḥ sa vaiśya iti saṁjñitaḥ.

6. kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyam yaḥ viśati aniśam śuciḥ
vedādhyayanasaṃpannaḥ saḥ vaiśyaḥ iti saṃjñitaḥ

6. yaḥ aniśam kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyam viśati śuciḥ
vedādhyayanasaṃpannaḥ saḥ vaiśyaḥ iti saṃjñitaḥ

6. One who consistently engages in agriculture, cattle-rearing, and commerce, who is pure, and accomplished in Vedic study, is designated as a Vaishya.

Words meanings summery:

• कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यम् (kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyam) - agriculture, cattle-rearing, and commerce

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• विशति (viśati) - enters, engages in, undertakes

• अनिशम् (aniśam) - constantly, without rest, continuously

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

• वेदाध्ययनसंपन्नः (vedādhyayanasaṁpannaḥ) - accomplished in Vedic study, endowed with knowledge of the Vedas

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so called

• संज्ञितः (saṁjñitaḥ) - designated, called, named

Words meanings and morphology

कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यम् (kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyam) - agriculture, cattle-rearing, and commerce

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijya

kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijya - agriculture, cattle-rearing, and commerce (as a collective activity or field)

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣi+gorakṣya+vāṇijya)

• kṛṣi – agriculture, farming
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'kṛṣ' (to plough).
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• gorakṣya – cattle protection, cattle rearing
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from 'go' (cow) and root 'rakṣ' (to protect) with suffix '-ya'.
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• vāṇijya – commerce, trade, merchandising
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'vaṇij' (merchant).

Note: Used as an object of 'viśati'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun introducing a clause.

विशति (viśati) - enters, engages in, undertakes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of viś

Present Active

3rd person singular present active indicative form of root viś.

Root: viś (class 6)

अनिशम् (aniśam) - constantly, without rest, continuously

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'aniśa' (sleepless, continuous).

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'viśati'.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, honest

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ' (implied subject).

वेदाध्ययनसंपन्नः (vedādhyayanasaṁpannaḥ) - accomplished in Vedic study, endowed with knowledge of the Vedas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vedādhyayanasaṃpanna

vedādhyayanasaṁpanna - accomplished in Vedic study, endowed with Vedic learning

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (veda+adhyayana+sampanna)

• veda – Veda (sacred knowledge), knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• adhyayana – study, learning, reading
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'adhi'.
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)
• sampanna – accomplished, endowed, complete, rich
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pad' with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ' (implied subject).

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'yaḥ'.

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the third varṇa, a merchant, a farmer

Derived from 'viś' (settlement, community, people).

Note: Predicative nominative with 'iti saṃjñitaḥ'.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so called

(indeclinable)

संज्ञितः (saṁjñitaḥ) - designated, called, named

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjñita

saṁjñita - designated, named, known, agreed upon

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (implied subject, 'he').