महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-129, verse-8

अवरोधाज्जुगुप्सेत का सपत्नधने दया ।
न त्वेवात्मा प्रदातव्यः शक्ये सति कथंचन ॥८॥

8. avarodhājjugupseta kā sapatnadhane dayā ,
na tvevātmā pradātavyaḥ śakye sati kathaṁcana.

8. avarodhāt jugupseta kā sapatnadhane dayā | na
tu eva ātmā pradātavyaḥ śakye sati kathaṃcana

8. avarodhāt jugupseta sapatnadhane kā dayā? tu
eva na ātmā śakye sati kathaṃcana pradātavyaḥ

8. One should feel revulsion towards imprisonment. What sympathy can there be for the wealth of an adversary? However, one's own self (ātman) should never be surrendered by any means, as long as resistance is possible.

Words meanings summery:

• अवरोधात् (avarodhāt) - from siege, from confinement, from imprisonment

• जुगुप्सेत (jugupseta) - one should be disgusted, one should abhor, one should detest

• का (kā) - what (female), what kind of, what use

• सपत्नधने (sapatnadhane) - in the wealth of an enemy/rival

• दया (dayā) - compassion, pity, mercy, sympathy

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)

• प्रदातव्यः (pradātavyaḥ) - to be given, to be surrendered, to be offered

• शक्ये (śakye) - when possible, if able

• सति (sati) - being, existing, if it is, when it is

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, in any way, by no means (with negation)

Words meanings and morphology

अवरोधात् (avarodhāt) - from siege, from confinement, from imprisonment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of avarodha

avarodha - siege, confinement, obstruction, hindrance, prevention

From ava-√rudh (to obstruct, block).

Prefix: ava

Root: rudh (class 7)

जुगुप्सेत (jugupseta) - one should be disgusted, one should abhor, one should detest

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of jugups

Desiderative

Desiderative root from √gup (to protect, to hide), meaning to wish to hide oneself from, hence to abhor. Atmanepada form.

Root: gup (class 1)

का (kā) - what (female), what kind of, what use

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Feminine nominative singular of the interrogative pronoun kim.

सपत्नधने (sapatnadhane) - in the wealth of an enemy/rival

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sapatnadhana

sapatnadhana - wealth of a rival/enemy

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sapatna+dhana)

• sapatna – rival, enemy, co-wife
  noun (masculine)
  From sa (with) + patnī (wife), originally meaning co-wife, later rival/enemy in general.
• dhana – wealth, riches, property, treasure
  noun (neuter)
  From √dhā (to place, put, bestow).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

दया (dayā) - compassion, pity, mercy, sympathy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dayā

dayā - compassion, pity, mercy, sympathy

From √day (to pity, be compassionate).

Root: day (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Adversative or emphatic particle.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, body

Root √an (to breathe).

Root: an (class 2)

प्रदातव्यः (pradātavyaḥ) - to be given, to be surrendered, to be offered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradātavya

pradātavya - to be given, to be offered, to be surrendered

Gerundive

Gerundive formed from pra-√dā with tavya suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Functions as a predicate, 'is to be given'.

शक्ये (śakye) - when possible, if able

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, feasible, to be able

Gerundive

Gerundive of √śak (to be able), meaning 'to be possible'. Used here in locative absolute construction.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction: śakye sati meaning 'when it is possible'.

सति (sati) - being, existing, if it is, when it is

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, true, good

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction: śakye sati meaning 'when it is possible'.

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, in any way, by no means (with negation)

(indeclinable)

From katham (how) + cana (any). With na, it means 'by no means'.