महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-100, verse-2

यज्ञोपवीती संग्रामे जनको मैथिलो यथा ।
योधानुद्धर्षयामास तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर ॥२॥

2. yajñopavītī saṁgrāme janako maithilo yathā ,
yodhānuddharṣayāmāsa tannibodha yudhiṣṭhira.

2. yajñopavītī saṃgrāme janakaḥ maithilaḥ yathā
yodhān ud-dharṣayām āsa tat nibodha yudhiṣṭhira

2. yudhiṣṭhira yathā yajñopavītī janakaḥ maithilaḥ
saṃgrāme yodhān ud-dharṣayām āsa tat nibodha

2. Just as Janaka, the King of Mithila (Maithila), wearing his sacred thread (yajñopavīta), inspired his warriors in battle, so too, Yudhishthira, you should understand this.

Words meanings summery:

• यज्ञोपवीती (yajñopavītī) - wearing the sacred thread

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka (the king of Mithila) (Janaka)

• मैथिलः (maithilaḥ) - the King of Mithila (a Maithila, king of Mithila)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors

• उद्-धर्षयाम् आस (ud-dharṣayām āsa) - he inspired, he incited, he encouraged

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, know

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

यज्ञोपवीती (yajñopavītī) - wearing the sacred thread

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñopavītin

yajñopavītin - wearing the sacred thread (yajñopavīta)

From yajñopavīta (sacred thread) with suffix -in

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat, war, conflict

From root gram- (to go) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka (the king of Mithila) (Janaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - father, progenitor; name of several kings of Mithilā, notably the father of Sītā

From root jan- (to be born, produce)

Root: jan (class 4)

मैथिलः (maithilaḥ) - the King of Mithila (a Maithila, king of Mithila)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maithila

maithila - belonging to Mithila, a native of Mithila, King of Mithila (e.g., Janaka)

From Mithilā + -a (secondary suffix)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

From root yudh- (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

उद्-धर्षयाम् आस (ud-dharṣayām āsa) - he inspired, he incited, he encouraged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ud-dhṛṣ

Causative perfect (periphrastic)

Periphrastic perfect formation: causative stem (dharṣaya) + ām + perfect of as (āsa)

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he/she/it

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava prince)

From yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)