महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-106, verse-11

तस्य कामांश्च भोगांश्च नरा नित्यमतन्द्रिताः ।
उपजह्रुर्वनान्तेषु धृतराष्ट्रेण चोदिताः ॥११॥

11. tasya kāmāṁśca bhogāṁśca narā nityamatandritāḥ ,
upajahrurvanānteṣu dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa coditāḥ.

11. tasya kāmān ca bhogān ca narā nityam atandritāḥ
upajahruḥ vanānteṣu dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa coditāḥ

11. Prompted by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, people, ever vigilant, brought him desires and enjoyments into the forest regions.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - him (his, of him)

• कामान् (kāmān) - desires (desires, wishes, objects of desire)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments (enjoyments, possessions, pleasures)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नरा (narā) - people (men, people)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - ever (constantly, always, perpetually)

• अतन्द्रिताः (atandritāḥ) - vigilant (vigilant, not drowsy, active)

• उपजह्रुः (upajahruḥ) - brought (they offered, they brought)

• वनान्तेषु (vanānteṣu) - into the forest regions (in the outskirts of the forest, in the forest regions)

• धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• चोदिताः (coditāḥ) - prompted (prompted, urged, incited)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - him (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive singular masculine of 'tad'.

कामान् (kāmān) - desires (desires, wishes, objects of desire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, object of desire

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments (enjoyments, possessions, pleasures)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, possession, experience

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नरा (narā) - people (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Nominative plural masculine of 'nara'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - ever (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular form of the adjective 'nitya'.

अतन्द्रिताः (atandritāḥ) - vigilant (vigilant, not drowsy, active)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atandrita

atandrita - not drowsy, vigilant, active, assiduous

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'a' (negation) + tandrita (drowsy, weary, from root tandr 'to be weary'). Nominative plural masculine.

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+tandrita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• tandrita – drowsy, weary, sluggish
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root tandr (to be weary)
  Root: tandr (class 1)

Note: Functions adjectivally.

उपजह्रुः (upajahruḥ) - brought (they offered, they brought)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (liṭ) of upahṛ

Reduplicated Perfect Active

Perfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural. With upasarga 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

वनान्तेषु (vanānteṣu) - into the forest regions (in the outskirts of the forest, in the forest regions)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vanānta

vanānta - forest border, forest region

Tatpurusha compound: vana (forest) + anta (end, border). Locative plural neuter.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+anta)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, border, vicinity
  noun (masculine)

धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king), one who holds a kingdom

Bahuvrihi compound: dhṛta (held, borne) + rāṣṭra (kingdom). Instrumental singular masculine.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

चोदिताः (coditāḥ) - prompted (prompted, urged, incited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of codita

codita - urged, impelled, prompted, instigated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'cud' (to urge, incite) with 'ta' affix. Nominative plural masculine.

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Functions adjectivally.