भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-1, verse-47
एवमुक्त्वार्जुनः संख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत् ।
विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ॥४७॥
विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ॥४७॥
47. evamuktvārjunaḥ saṁkhye rathopastha upāviśat ,
visṛjya saśaraṁ cāpaṁ śokasaṁvignamānasaḥ.
visṛjya saśaraṁ cāpaṁ śokasaṁvignamānasaḥ.
47.
evam uktvā arjunaḥ saṅkhye rathopastha upāviśat
visṛjya saśaram cāpam śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ
visṛjya saśaram cāpam śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ
47.
arjunaḥ evam uktvā,
śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ,
saṅkhye rathopasthe,
saśaram cāpam visṛjya,
upāviśat
śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ,
saṅkhye rathopasthe,
saśaram cāpam visṛjya,
upāviśat
47.
Having spoken thus, Arjuna, with his mind agitated by sorrow, sat down on the chariot's seat on the battlefield, abandoning his bow and arrows.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having said, having spoken)
- अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (a name))
- सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in the battlefield (in battle, in conflict)
- रथोपस्थ (rathopastha) - on the chariot's seat (implied locative usage, though the form is not explicitly locative) (chariot-seat, a part of a chariot)
- उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - sat down
- विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned (having cast aside, having abandoned, having let go)
- सशरम् (saśaram) - with arrows (with arrows, accompanied by arrows)
- चापम् (cāpam) - bow
- शोकसंविग्नमानसः (śokasaṁvignamānasaḥ) - with his mind agitated by sorrow (one whose mind is agitated by sorrow)
Words meanings and morphology
एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)
(indeclinable)
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having said, having spoken)
(indeclinable)
absolutive
From root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā
Root: vac (class 2)
अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (a name))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna
arjuna - Arjuna; white, clear
सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in the battlefield (in battle, in conflict)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṅkhya
saṅkhya - battle, war, conflict
रथोपस्थ (rathopastha) - on the chariot's seat (implied locative usage, though the form is not explicitly locative) (chariot-seat, a part of a chariot)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha
rathopastha - chariot-seat
Compound of ratha (chariot) and upastha (seat, lap)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)
- ratha – chariot, car
noun (masculine) - upastha – seat, lap, proximity
noun (masculine)
Prefix: upa
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: The word form 'rathopastha' is interpreted as locative in context, though the usual locative ending 'e' is not explicit in the provided Devanagari.
उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - sat down
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upaviś
Imperfect 3rd person singular of √viś with prefix upa
Prefix: upa
Root: viś (class 6)
विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned (having cast aside, having abandoned, having let go)
(indeclinable)
absolutive
From root sṛj (to cast, create) with prefix vi- and suffix -lyaP (when prefix is present)
Prefix: vi
Root: sṛj (class 6)
सशरम् (saśaram) - with arrows (with arrows, accompanied by arrows)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of saśara
saśara - with arrows, having arrows
Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + śara (arrow)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śara)
- sa – with, accompanied by
indeclinable - śara – arrow
noun (masculine)
Note: Modifies 'cāpam'.
चापम् (cāpam) - bow
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa
cāpa - bow, arc
Note: Object of 'visṛjya'.
शोकसंविग्नमानसः (śokasaṁvignamānasaḥ) - with his mind agitated by sorrow (one whose mind is agitated by sorrow)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śokasaṃvignamānasa
śokasaṁvignamānasa - having a mind agitated by sorrow
Bahuvrīhi compound: śoka (sorrow) + saṃvigna (agitated) + mānasa (mind). Lit. 'he whose mind is agitated by sorrow'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoka+saṃvigna+mānasa)
- śoka – sorrow, grief
noun (masculine)
From root śuc (to grieve)
Root: śuc (class 1) - saṃvigna – agitated, perturbed, distressed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root vij (to tremble) with prefix saṃ-
Prefix: sam
Root: vij (class 6) - mānasa – mind, heart
noun (neuter)
From manas (mind) with suffix -a
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Modifies Arjuna (implied).