भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-1, verse-25
भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम् ।
उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥२५॥
उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥२५॥
25. bhīṣmadroṇapramukhataḥ sarveṣāṁ ca mahīkṣitām ,
uvāca pārtha paśyaitānsamavetānkurūniti.
uvāca pārtha paśyaitānsamavetānkurūniti.
25.
bhīṣma droṇa pramukhataḥ sarveṣām ca mahīkṣitām
uvāca pārtha paśya etān samavetān kurūn iti
uvāca pārtha paśya etān samavetān kurūn iti
25.
ca bhīṣma droṇa pramukhataḥ sarveṣām mahīkṣitām
uvāca pārtha (idam) etān samavetān kurūn paśya iti
uvāca pārtha (idam) etān samavetān kurūn paśya iti
25.
...in front of Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and all the kings, he (Krishna) said: 'O Pārtha (Arjuna), behold these assembled Kurus!'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भीष्म द्रोण (bhīṣma droṇa) - Bhishma and Drona
- प्रमुखतः (pramukhataḥ) - in the presence of, headed by (in front of, headed by, chief among)
- सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (the kings) (of all, of everyone)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - of the kings (of the kings, of the earth-protectors)
- उवाच (uvāca) - he (Krishna) said (he said, he spoke)
- पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (O son of Pritha, O Arjuna)
- पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold, look)
- एतान् (etān) - these (Kurus) (these)
- समवेतान् (samavetān) - assembled (assembled, gathered)
- कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus (Arjuna's relatives and opponents) (Kurus, descendants of Kuru)
- इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of direct speech) (thus, so, in this way (marker for direct speech))
Words meanings and morphology
भीष्म द्रोण (bhīṣma droṇa) - Bhishma and Drona
(proper noun)
of bhīṣmadroṇa
bhīṣmadroṇa - Bhishma and Drona
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+droṇa)
- bhīṣma – Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)
proper noun (masculine) - droṇa – Drona (name of the Kuru preceptor)
proper noun (masculine)
Note: In context of pramukhataḥ.
प्रमुखतः (pramukhataḥ) - in the presence of, headed by (in front of, headed by, chief among)
(indeclinable)
tas suffix indicating 'from/in front of'
Prefix: pra
Root: mukha
Note: Refers to Bhishma and Drona being prominent figures.
सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (the kings) (of all, of everyone)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire
Note: Qualifies mahīkṣitām.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - of the kings (of the kings, of the earth-protectors)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit
mahīkṣit - king, earth-protector, ruler
compound of mahī (earth) + kṣit (ruling, dwelling)
Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+kṣit)
- mahī – earth, land
noun (feminine) - kṣit – ruler, dweller, earth
noun (masculine)
From root kṣi (to rule, to dwell).
Root: kṣi (class 1)
Note: Governed by pramukhataḥ (implicitly).
उवाच (uvāca) - he (Krishna) said (he said, he spoke)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect active
3rd person singular perfect active of root 'vac'
Root: vac (class 2)
पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (O son of Pritha, O Arjuna)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha
pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), a name for Arjuna
Derived from Pritha (Kunti) with the 'aṇ' suffix.
पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold, look)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś
Imperative active
2nd person singular imperative active of root 'dṛś' (class 1, but 'paśya' is the irregular present stem)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
एतान् (etān) - these (Kurus) (these)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of eta
eta - this, these
Note: Object of paśya.
समवेतान् (samavetān) - assembled (assembled, gathered)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of samaveta
samaveta - assembled, met, joined together
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ava'.
Prefixes: sam+ava
Root: i (class 2)
कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus (Arjuna's relatives and opponents) (Kurus, descendants of Kuru)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kuru
kuru - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru (a lunar dynasty king)
Note: Object of paśya.
इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of direct speech) (thus, so, in this way (marker for direct speech))
(indeclinable)