भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-1, verse-38
यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः ।
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ॥३८॥
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ॥३८॥
38. yadyapyete na paśyanti lobhopahatacetasaḥ ,
kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ mitradrohe ca pātakam.
kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ mitradrohe ca pātakam.
38.
yadyapi ete na paśyanti lobhopahatacetasaḥ
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam mitradrohe ca pātakam
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam mitradrohe ca pātakam
38.
yadyapi lobhopahatacetasaḥ ete kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam mitradrohe ca pātakam na paśyanti.
38.
Even though these (Kauravas), whose minds are corrupted by greed, do not perceive the fault arising from the destruction of the family, nor the sin in betraying friends...
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यद्यपि (yadyapi) - even though (even if, although)
- एते (ete) - these (Kauravas) (these)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - do not perceive (they see, they perceive)
- लोभोपहतचेतसः (lobhopahatacetasaḥ) - whose minds are corrupted by greed (whose minds are overcome by greed)
- कुलक्षयकृतम् (kulakṣayakṛtam) - the fault arising from the destruction of the family (fault caused by family destruction)
- दोषम् (doṣam) - the fault (fault, defect, evil, sin)
- मित्रद्रोहे (mitradrohe) - in betraying friends (in the betrayal of friends)
- च (ca) - nor, and (and, also)
- पातकम् (pātakam) - the sin (sin, transgression, fall)
Words meanings and morphology
यद्यपि (yadyapi) - even though (even if, although)
(indeclinable)
Note: Concessive conjunction.
एते (ete) - these (Kauravas) (these)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etat
etat - this, that
Note: Demonstrative pronoun, subject of 'paśyanti'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle.
पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - do not perceive (they see, they perceive)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś
present active
Third person plural, present indicative, active voice of verb root dṛś (class 1, paśyati).
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Main verb of the concessive clause.
लोभोपहतचेतसः (lobhopahatacetasaḥ) - whose minds are corrupted by greed (whose minds are overcome by greed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of lobhopahatacetas
lobhopahatacetas - whose mind is injured/overcome by greed
Bahuvrihi compound: 'lobha' (greed) + 'upahata' (struck, injured) + 'cetas' (mind).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (lobha+upahata+cetas)
- lobha – greed, covetousness
noun (masculine) - upahata – struck, injured, impaired, overcome
adjective (neuter)
past passive participle
Past passive participle of root han- (to strike) with prefix upa-.
Prefix: upa
Root: han (class 2) - cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies 'ete'.
कुलक्षयकृतम् (kulakṣayakṛtam) - the fault arising from the destruction of the family (fault caused by family destruction)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kulakṣayakṛta
kulakṣayakṛta - caused by the destruction of a family
Tatpurusha compound: 'kula-kṣaya' (destruction of family) + 'kṛta' (done, caused).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kulakṣaya+kṛta)
- kula – family, lineage, race
noun (neuter) - kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay
noun (masculine)
Root: kṣi (class 5) - kṛta – done, made, caused
adjective (neuter)
past passive participle
Past passive participle of root kṛ- (to do, make).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies 'doṣam'.
दोषम् (doṣam) - the fault (fault, defect, evil, sin)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa
doṣa - fault, defect, vice, error
Note: Object of 'paśyanti'.
मित्रद्रोहे (mitradrohe) - in betraying friends (in the betrayal of friends)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of mitradroha
mitradroha - betrayal of a friend, treachery against friends
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+droha)
- mitra – friend, companion
noun (masculine) - droha – treachery, injury, malice
noun (masculine)
Root: druh (class 4)
Note: Indicates the sphere or context where the sin ('pātakam') occurs.
च (ca) - nor, and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'doṣam' and 'pātakam'.
पातकम् (pātakam) - the sin (sin, transgression, fall)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pātaka
pātaka - sin, crime, transgression, fall
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Object of 'paśyanti'.