भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-1
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धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः ।
मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय ॥१॥
धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः ।
मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय ॥१॥
1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ ,
māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata saṁjaya.
dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ ,
māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata saṁjaya.
1.
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetāḥ
yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ ca eva kim akurvata sañjaya
yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ ca eva kim akurvata sañjaya
1.
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca sañjaya dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre
samavetāḥ yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ ca eva pāṇḍavāḥ kim akurvata
samavetāḥ yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ ca eva pāṇḍavāḥ kim akurvata
1.
Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: 'O Sañjaya, what did my sons and the sons of Pāṇḍu do when they assembled, eager for battle, in Kurukṣetra, the field of dharma (natural law)?'
संजय उवाच ।
दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा ।
आचार्यमुपसंगम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२॥
दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा ।
आचार्यमुपसंगम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२॥
2. saṁjaya uvāca ,
dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṁ vyūḍhaṁ duryodhanastadā ,
ācāryamupasaṁgamya rājā vacanamabravīt.
dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṁ vyūḍhaṁ duryodhanastadā ,
ācāryamupasaṁgamya rājā vacanamabravīt.
2.
sañjaya uvāca dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkam vyūḍham duryodhanaḥ
tadā ācāryam upasaṅgamya rājā vacanam abravīt
tadā ācāryam upasaṅgamya rājā vacanam abravīt
2.
sañjaya uvāca tadā rājā duryodhanaḥ vyūḍham pāṇḍavānīkam
dṛṣṭvā tu ācāryam upasaṅgamya vacanam abravīt
dṛṣṭvā tu ācāryam upasaṅgamya vacanam abravīt
2.
Sañjaya said: 'Then King Duryodhana, having observed the Pāṇḍava army arrayed for battle, approached his teacher (ācārya) and spoke these words.'
पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् ।
व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥३॥
व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥३॥
3. paśyaitāṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmācārya mahatīṁ camūm ,
vyūḍhāṁ drupadaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā.
vyūḍhāṁ drupadaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā.
3.
paśya etām pāṇḍuputrāṇām ācārya mahatīm camūm
vyūḍhām drupaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā
vyūḍhām drupaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā
3.
ācārya paśya etām mahatīm camūm pāṇḍuputrāṇām
vyūḍhām tava dhīmatā śiṣyeṇa drupaputreṇa
vyūḍhām tava dhīmatā śiṣyeṇa drupaputreṇa
3.
O teacher, behold this mighty army of the sons of Pāṇḍu, arrayed by your intelligent disciple, Drupada's son.
अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि ।
युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥४॥
युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥४॥
4. atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi ,
yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ.
yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ.
4.
atra śūrāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ bhīmārjunasamāḥ yudhi
yuyudhānaḥ virāṭaḥ ca drupadaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
yuyudhānaḥ virāṭaḥ ca drupadaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
4.
atra śūrāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ bhīmārjunasamāḥ yudhi
yuyudhānaḥ ca virāṭaḥ ca drupadaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
yuyudhānaḥ ca virāṭaḥ ca drupadaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
4.
Here are valiant warriors and mighty archers, who are equal to Bhīma and Arjuna in battle. There are also Yuyudhāna, Virāṭa, and Drupada, a great chariot warrior.
धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान् ।
पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुंगवः ॥५॥
पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुंगवः ॥५॥
5. dhṛṣṭaketuścekitānaḥ kāśirājaśca vīryavān ,
purujitkuntibhojaśca śaibyaśca narapuṁgavaḥ.
purujitkuntibhojaśca śaibyaśca narapuṁgavaḥ.
5.
dhṛṣṭaketuḥ ca cekitānaḥ kāśirājaḥ ca vīryavān
purujit kuntibhojaḥ ca śaibyaḥ ca narapuṃgavaḥ
purujit kuntibhojaḥ ca śaibyaḥ ca narapuṃgavaḥ
5.
dhṛṣṭaketuḥ ca cekitānaḥ ca vīryavān kāśirājaḥ ca
purujit ca kuntibhojaḥ ca narapuṃgavaḥ śaibyaḥ ca
purujit ca kuntibhojaḥ ca narapuṃgavaḥ śaibyaḥ ca
5.
Dhṛṣṭaketu, Cekitāna, and the valiant King of Kāśi; also Purujit, Kuntibhoja, and Śaibya, the foremost among men.
युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान् ।
सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः ॥६॥
सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः ॥६॥
6. yudhāmanyuśca vikrānta uttamaujāśca vīryavān ,
saubhadro draupadeyāśca sarva eva mahārathāḥ.
saubhadro draupadeyāśca sarva eva mahārathāḥ.
6.
yudhāmanyuḥ ca vikrāntaḥ uttamaujāḥ ca vīryavān
saubhadraḥ draupadeyāḥ ca sarve eva mahārathāḥ
saubhadraḥ draupadeyāḥ ca sarve eva mahārathāḥ
6.
yudhāmanyuḥ vikrāntaḥ ca uttamaujāḥ vīryavān ca
saubhadraḥ ca draupadeyāḥ ca sarve eva mahārathāḥ
saubhadraḥ ca draupadeyāḥ ca sarve eva mahārathāḥ
6.
Yudhamanyu, the valiant, and Uttamaujas, the mighty; also Saubhadra and the sons of Draupadī – all of them are indeed great chariot warriors.
अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम ।
नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते ॥७॥
नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते ॥७॥
7. asmākaṁ tu viśiṣṭā ye tānnibodha dvijottama ,
nāyakā mama sainyasya saṁjñārthaṁ tānbravīmi te.
nāyakā mama sainyasya saṁjñārthaṁ tānbravīmi te.
7.
asmākam tu viśiṣṭāḥ ye tān nibodha dvijottama
nāyakāḥ mama sainyasya saṃjñārtham tān bravīmi te
nāyakāḥ mama sainyasya saṃjñārtham tān bravīmi te
7.
tu dvijottama,
ye asmākam viśiṣṭāḥ,
tān nibodha.
mama sainyasya nāyakāḥ saṃjñārtham te tān bravīmi.
ye asmākam viśiṣṭāḥ,
tān nibodha.
mama sainyasya nāyakāḥ saṃjñārtham te tān bravīmi.
7.
But know, O best of the brahmins (dvijottama), those who are particularly prominent among us. I will name them for you, identifying the leaders of my army.
भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिंजयः ।
अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च ॥८॥
अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च ॥८॥
8. bhavānbhīṣmaśca karṇaśca kṛpaśca samitiṁjayaḥ ,
aśvatthāmā vikarṇaśca saumadattistathaiva ca.
aśvatthāmā vikarṇaśca saumadattistathaiva ca.
8.
bhavān bhīṣmaḥ ca karṇaḥ ca kṛpaḥ ca samitiñjayaḥ
aśvatthāmā vikarṇaḥ ca saumadattiḥ tathā eva ca
aśvatthāmā vikarṇaḥ ca saumadattiḥ tathā eva ca
8.
bhavān ca bhīṣmaḥ ca karṇaḥ ca samitiñjayaḥ kṛpaḥ ca
aśvatthāmā ca vikarṇaḥ ca saumadattiḥ tathā eva ca
aśvatthāmā ca vikarṇaḥ ca saumadattiḥ tathā eva ca
8.
They are you, and Bhishma, and Karna, and Kripa—victorious in battle (samitiñjayaḥ)—as well as Ashwatthama, Vikarna, and Saumadatti.
अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः ।
नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥९॥
नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥९॥
9. anye ca bahavaḥ śūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ ,
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ.
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ.
9.
anye ca bahavaḥ śūrāḥ madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ
9.
ca anye bahavaḥ śūrāḥ madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ
nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ
9.
And many other heroes, who have given up their lives for my sake, are armed with various weapons and are all skilled in warfare.
अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम् ।
पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम् ॥१०॥
पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम् ॥१०॥
10. aparyāptaṁ tadasmākaṁ balaṁ bhīṣmābhirakṣitam ,
paryāptaṁ tvidameteṣāṁ balaṁ bhīmābhirakṣitam.
paryāptaṁ tvidameteṣāṁ balaṁ bhīmābhirakṣitam.
10.
aparyāptam tat asmākam balam bhīṣmābhirakṣitam
paryāptam tu idam eteṣām balam bhīmābhirakṣitam
paryāptam tu idam eteṣām balam bhīmābhirakṣitam
10.
tat bhīṣmābhirakṣitam asmākam balam aparyāptam.
tu idam bhīmābhirakṣitam eteṣām balam paryāptam.
tu idam bhīmābhirakṣitam eteṣām balam paryāptam.
10.
That army of ours, protected by Bhishma, is immeasurable (aparyāptam). Yet, this army of theirs, protected by Bhima, is quite sufficient (paryāptam).
अयनेषु च सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताः ।
भीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि ॥११॥
भीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि ॥११॥
11. ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥ ,
bhīṣmamevābhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi.
bhīṣmamevābhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi.
11.
ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgam avasthitāḥ
bhīṣmam eva abhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarve eva hi
bhīṣmam eva abhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarve eva hi
11.
bhavantaḥ sarve eva hi ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu
yathābhāgam avasthitāḥ bhīṣmam eva abhirakṣantu
yathābhāgam avasthitāḥ bhīṣmam eva abhirakṣantu
11.
Stationed in your respective positions throughout all divisions of the army, all of you must certainly protect Bhishma.
तस्य संजनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः ।
सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ॥१२॥
सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ॥१२॥
12. tasya saṁjanayanharṣaṁ kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ ,
siṁhanādaṁ vinadyoccaiḥ śaṅkhaṁ dadhmau pratāpavān.
siṁhanādaṁ vinadyoccaiḥ śaṅkhaṁ dadhmau pratāpavān.
12.
tasya saṃjanayan harṣam kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ
siṃhanādam vinadya uccaiḥ śaṅkham dadhmau pratāpavān
siṃhanādam vinadya uccaiḥ śaṅkham dadhmau pratāpavān
12.
tasya harṣam saṃjanayan pratāpavān kuruvṛddhaḥ
pitāmahaḥ uccaiḥ siṃhanādam vinadya śaṅkham dadhmau
pitāmahaḥ uccaiḥ siṃhanādam vinadya śaṅkham dadhmau
12.
Then, the glorious grandfather (Bhishma), the elder of the Kuru dynasty, causing joy to him (Duryodhana), roared a lion's roar loudly and blew his conch.
ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः ।
सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥१३॥
सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥१३॥
13. tataḥ śaṅkhāśca bheryaśca paṇavānakagomukhāḥ ,
sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdastumulo'bhavat.
sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdastumulo'bhavat.
13.
tataḥ śaṅkhāḥ ca bheryaḥ ca paṇavānakagomukhāḥ
sahasā eva abhyahanyanta saḥ śabdaḥ tumulaḥ abhavat
sahasā eva abhyahanyanta saḥ śabdaḥ tumulaḥ abhavat
13.
tataḥ śaṅkhāḥ ca bheryaḥ ca paṇavānakagomukhāḥ sahasā eva abhyahanyanta,
saḥ śabdaḥ tumulaḥ abhavat
saḥ śabdaḥ tumulaḥ abhavat
13.
Then, conches, kettle-drums, small drums, large drums, and cow-horns were suddenly struck, and that sound became tumultuous.
ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ ।
माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः ॥१४॥
माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः ॥१४॥
14. tataḥ śvetairhayairyukte mahati syandane sthitau ,
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaścaiva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ.
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaścaiva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ.
14.
tataḥ śvetaiḥ hayaiḥ yukte mahati syandane sthitau
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ ca eva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ ca eva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ
14.
tataḥ śvetaiḥ hayaiḥ yukte mahati syandane sthitau
mādhavaḥ ca pāṇḍavaḥ eva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ
mādhavaḥ ca pāṇḍavaḥ eva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ
14.
Then, situated on a magnificent chariot drawn by white horses, Madhava (Krishna) and the son of Pandu (Arjuna) both blew their divine conches.
पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनंजयः ।
पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥१५॥
पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥१५॥
15. pāñcajanyaṁ hṛṣīkeśo devadattaṁ dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṁ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ.
pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṁ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ.
15.
pāñcajanyam hṛṣīkeśaḥ devadattam dhanañjayaḥ
pauṇḍram dadhmau mahāśaṅkham bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ
pauṇḍram dadhmau mahāśaṅkham bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ
15.
hṛṣīkeśaḥ pāñcajanyam dadhmau dhanañjayaḥ devadattam
(dadhmau) bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ mahāśaṅkham pauṇḍram dadhmau
(dadhmau) bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ mahāśaṅkham pauṇḍram dadhmau
15.
Lord Hṛṣīkeśa blew His conch Pāñcajanya; Arjuna (Dhananjaya) blew Devadatta; and Bhīma, the doer of formidable deeds (Vṛkodara), blew his great conch Pauṇḍra.
अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ।
नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ॥१६॥
नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ॥१६॥
16. anantavijayaṁ rājā kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
nakulaḥ sahadevaśca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau.
nakulaḥ sahadevaśca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau.
16.
anantavijayam rājā kuntīputraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
nakulaḥ sahadevaḥ ca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau
nakulaḥ sahadevaḥ ca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau
16.
rājā kuntīputraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ anantavijayam (dadhmau)
nakulaḥ ca sahadevaḥ sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau (dadhmau)
nakulaḥ ca sahadevaḥ sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau (dadhmau)
16.
King Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī, blew his conch Anantavijaya, while Nakula and Sahadeva blew Sughoṣa and Maṇipuṣpaka, respectively.
काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः ।
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥१७॥
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥१७॥
17. kāśyaśca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ ,
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ.
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ.
17.
kāśyaḥ ca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ ca aparājitaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ ca aparājitaḥ
17.
ca kāśyaḥ parameṣvāsaḥ ca śikhaṇḍī mahārathaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ aparājitaḥ (dadhmauḥ)
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ aparājitaḥ (dadhmauḥ)
17.
And the King of Kāśī, the great archer; and Śikhaṇḍī, the great chariot-warrior; Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Virāṭa; and Sātyaki, the unconquered (all blew their conches).
द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते ।
सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक् ॥१८॥
सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक् ॥१८॥
18. drupado draupadeyāśca sarvaśaḥ pṛthivīpate ,
saubhadraśca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛthakpṛthak.
saubhadraśca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛthakpṛthak.
18.
drupadaḥ draupadeyāḥ ca sarvaśaḥ pṛthivīpate
saubhadraḥ ca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhān dadhmuḥ pṛthak pṛthak
saubhadraḥ ca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhān dadhmuḥ pṛthak pṛthak
18.
pṛthivīpate drupadaḥ ca draupadeyāḥ sarvaśaḥ ca
saubhadraḥ mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhān pṛthak pṛthak dadhmuḥ
saubhadraḥ mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhān pṛthak pṛthak dadhmuḥ
18.
O king (pṛthivīpate), Drupada and all the sons of Draupadī, as well as the mighty-armed Saubhadra (Abhimanyu), each blew their respective conches.
स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत् ।
नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन् ॥१९॥
नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन् ॥१९॥
19. sa ghoṣo dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ hṛdayāni vyadārayat ,
nabhaśca pṛthivīṁ caiva tumulo vyanunādayan.
nabhaśca pṛthivīṁ caiva tumulo vyanunādayan.
19.
saḥ ghoṣaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām hṛdayāni vyadārayat
nabhaḥ ca pṛthivīm ca eva tumulaḥ vyanunādayan
nabhaḥ ca pṛthivīm ca eva tumulaḥ vyanunādayan
19.
saḥ tumulaḥ ghoṣaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām hṛdayāni
vyadārayat nabhaḥ ca pṛthivīm ca eva vyanunādayan
vyadārayat nabhaḥ ca pṛthivīm ca eva vyanunādayan
19.
That tumultuous sound split the hearts of the Dhārtarāṣṭras, causing the sky and the earth to reverberate.
अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान्कपिध्वजः ।
प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसंपाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः ॥२०॥
प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसंपाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः ॥२०॥
20. atha vyavasthitāndṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrānkapidhvajaḥ ,
pravṛtte śastrasaṁpāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ.
pravṛtte śastrasaṁpāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ.
20.
atha vyavasthitān dṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrān kapidhvajaḥ
pravṛtte śastrasaṃpāte dhanuḥ udyamya pāṇḍavaḥ
pravṛtte śastrasaṃpāte dhanuḥ udyamya pāṇḍavaḥ
20.
atha kapidhvajaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ vyavasthitān dhārtarāṣṭrān
dṛṣṭvā śastrasaṃpāte pravṛtte dhanuḥ udyamya
dṛṣṭvā śastrasaṃpāte pravṛtte dhanuḥ udyamya
20.
Then, seeing the Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas) arrayed (for battle), Arjuna, whose banner bore the insignia of a monkey (kapidhvajaḥ), raised his bow as the clash of weapons was about to commence.
हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपते ।
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत ॥२१॥
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत ॥२१॥
21. hṛṣīkeśaṁ tadā vākyamidamāha mahīpate ,
senayorubhayormadhye rathaṁ sthāpaya me'cyuta.
senayorubhayormadhye rathaṁ sthāpaya me'cyuta.
21.
hṛṣīkeśam tadā vākyam idam āha mahīpate senayoḥ
ubhayoḥ madhye ratham sthāpaya me acyuta
ubhayoḥ madhye ratham sthāpaya me acyuta
21.
mahīpate tadā (Arjuna) hṛṣīkeśam idam vākyam āha:
acyuta me ratham ubhayoḥ senayoḥ madhye sthāpaya
acyuta me ratham ubhayoḥ senayoḥ madhye sthāpaya
21.
Then, to Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa), Arjuna spoke these words, O King: 'O Acyuta (Kṛṣṇa), please position my chariot between both armies.'
यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान् ।
कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन्रणसमुद्यमे ॥२२॥
कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन्रणसमुद्यमे ॥२२॥
22. yāvadetānnirīkṣe'haṁ yoddhukāmānavasthitān ,
kairmayā saha yoddhavyamasminraṇasamudyame.
kairmayā saha yoddhavyamasminraṇasamudyame.
22.
yāvat etān nirīkṣe aham yoddhukāmān avasthitān
kaiḥ mayā saha yoddhavyam asmin raṇasamudyame
kaiḥ mayā saha yoddhavyam asmin raṇasamudyame
22.
yāvat aham etān yoddhukāmān avasthitān nirīkṣe
asmin raṇasamudyame mayā kaiḥ saha yoddhavyam
asmin raṇasamudyame mayā kaiḥ saha yoddhavyam
22.
So that I may observe these individuals, standing here and eager to fight, and discern with whom I must engage in battle in this endeavor (raṇa-samudyama).
योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं य एतेऽत्र समागताः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः ॥२३॥
धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः ॥२३॥
23. yotsyamānānavekṣe'haṁ ya ete'tra samāgatāḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddheryuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ.
dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddheryuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ.
23.
yotsyamānān avekṣe aham ye ete atra samāgatāḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddheḥ yuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddheḥ yuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ
23.
aham yotsyamānān avekṣe,
ye ete atra samāgatāḥ,
durbuddheḥ dhārtarāṣṭrasya yuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ.
ye ete atra samāgatāḥ,
durbuddheḥ dhārtarāṣṭrasya yuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ.
23.
I observe those who are assembled here, desirous of fighting, and wishing to please the evil-minded son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana) in battle.
एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत ।
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ॥२४॥
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ॥२४॥
24. evamukto hṛṣīkeśo guḍākeśena bhārata ,
senayorubhayormadhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam.
senayorubhayormadhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam.
24.
evam uktaḥ hṛṣīkeśaḥ guḍākeśena bhārata
senayoḥ ubhayoḥ madhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam
senayoḥ ubhayoḥ madhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam
24.
bhārata guḍākeśena evam uktaḥ hṛṣīkeśaḥ
ubhayoḥ senayoḥ madhye rathottamam sthāpayitvā
ubhayoḥ senayoḥ madhye rathottamam sthāpayitvā
24.
O Bharata, thus addressed by Gudakesha (Arjuna), Hrishikesha (Krishna), having placed the best chariot in the middle of both armies...
भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम् ।
उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥२५॥
उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥२५॥
25. bhīṣmadroṇapramukhataḥ sarveṣāṁ ca mahīkṣitām ,
uvāca pārtha paśyaitānsamavetānkurūniti.
uvāca pārtha paśyaitānsamavetānkurūniti.
25.
bhīṣma droṇa pramukhataḥ sarveṣām ca mahīkṣitām
uvāca pārtha paśya etān samavetān kurūn iti
uvāca pārtha paśya etān samavetān kurūn iti
25.
ca bhīṣma droṇa pramukhataḥ sarveṣām mahīkṣitām
uvāca pārtha (idam) etān samavetān kurūn paśya iti
uvāca pārtha (idam) etān samavetān kurūn paśya iti
25.
...in front of Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and all the kings, he (Krishna) said: 'O Pārtha (Arjuna), behold these assembled Kurus!'
तत्रापश्यत्स्थितान्पार्थः पितॄनथ पितामहान् ।
आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा ॥२६॥
आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा ॥२६॥
26. tatrāpaśyatsthitānpārthaḥ pitṝnatha pitāmahān ,
ācāryānmātulānbhrātṝnputrānpautrānsakhīṁstathā.
ācāryānmātulānbhrātṝnputrānpautrānsakhīṁstathā.
26.
tatra apaśyat sthitān pārthaḥ pitṝn atha pitāmahān
ācāryān mātulān bhrātṝn putrān pautrān sakhīn tathā
ācāryān mātulān bhrātṝn putrān pautrān sakhīn tathā
26.
tatra pārthaḥ sthitān pitṝn atha pitāmahān ācāryān
mātulān bhrātṝn putrān pautrān tathā sakhīn apaśyat
mātulān bhrātṝn putrān pautrān tathā sakhīn apaśyat
26.
There, Pārtha (Arjuna) saw arrayed fathers, grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, and also friends.
श्वशुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपि ।
तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान् ॥२७॥
तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान् ॥२७॥
27. śvaśurānsuhṛdaścaiva senayorubhayorapi ,
tānsamīkṣya sa kaunteyaḥ sarvānbandhūnavasthitān.
tānsamīkṣya sa kaunteyaḥ sarvānbandhūnavasthitān.
27.
śvaśurān suhṛdaḥ ca eva senayoḥ ubhayoḥ api tān
samīkṣya saḥ kaunteyaḥ sarvān bandhūn avasthitān
samīkṣya saḥ kaunteyaḥ sarvān bandhūn avasthitān
27.
saḥ kaunteyaḥ śvaśurān suhṛdaḥ ca eva ubhayoḥ
senayoḥ api avasthitān sarvān bandhūn tān samīkṣya
senayoḥ api avasthitān sarvān bandhūn tān samīkṣya
27.
Seeing all those relatives, fathers-in-law, and friends stationed in both armies, that son of Kunti (Arjuna)...
कृपया परयाविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत् ।
दृष्ट्वेमान्स्वजनान्कृष्ण युयुत्सून्समवस्थितान् ॥२८॥
दृष्ट्वेमान्स्वजनान्कृष्ण युयुत्सून्समवस्थितान् ॥२८॥
28. kṛpayā parayāviṣṭo viṣīdannidamabravīt ,
dṛṣṭvemānsvajanānkṛṣṇa yuyutsūnsamavasthitān.
dṛṣṭvemānsvajanānkṛṣṇa yuyutsūnsamavasthitān.
28.
kṛpayā parayā āviṣṭaḥ viṣīdan idam abravīt dṛṣṭvā
imān svajanān kṛṣṇa yuyutsūn samavasthitān
imān svajanān kṛṣṇa yuyutsūn samavasthitān
28.
parayā kṛpayā āviṣṭaḥ viṣīdan saḥ idam abravīt: "kṛṣṇa! imān yuyutsūn samavasthitān svajanān dṛṣṭvā.
.
.
"
.
.
"
28.
Overcome with supreme compassion (kṛpā), and lamenting, he said this: "O Kṛṣṇa, having seen these kinsmen, who are eager to fight and assembled (here)..."
सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं च परिशुष्यति ।
वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते ॥२९॥
वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते ॥२९॥
29. sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukhaṁ ca pariśuṣyati ,
vepathuśca śarīre me romaharṣaśca jāyate.
vepathuśca śarīre me romaharṣaśca jāyate.
29.
sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukham ca pariśuṣyati
vepathuḥ ca śarīre me romaharṣaḥ ca jāyate
vepathuḥ ca śarīre me romaharṣaḥ ca jāyate
29.
mama gātrāṇi sīdanti,
ca mukham pariśuṣyati,
ca me śarīre vepathuḥ jāyate,
ca romaharṣaḥ jāyate.
ca mukham pariśuṣyati,
ca me śarīre vepathuḥ jāyate,
ca romaharṣaḥ jāyate.
29.
My limbs are failing, and my mouth is parching. A trembling arises in my body, and my hair stands on end (horripilation occurs).
गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते ।
न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः ॥३०॥
न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः ॥३०॥
30. gāṇḍīvaṁ sraṁsate hastāttvakcaiva paridahyate ,
na ca śaknomyavasthātuṁ bhramatīva ca me manaḥ.
na ca śaknomyavasthātuṁ bhramatīva ca me manaḥ.
30.
gāṇḍīvam sraṃsate hastāt tvak ca eva paridahyate
na ca śaknomi avasthātum bhramati iva ca me manaḥ
na ca śaknomi avasthātum bhramati iva ca me manaḥ
30.
gāṇḍīvam hastāt sraṃsate ca tvak eva paridahyate
ca avasthātum na śaknomi ca me manaḥ iva bhramati
ca avasthātum na śaknomi ca me manaḥ iva bhramati
30.
The Gāṇḍīva bow slips from my hand, and my skin is burning. I am also unable to stand firm, and my mind seems to be reeling.
निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव ।
न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे ॥३१॥
न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे ॥३१॥
31. nimittāni ca paśyāmi viparītāni keśava ,
na ca śreyo'nupaśyāmi hatvā svajanamāhave.
na ca śreyo'nupaśyāmi hatvā svajanamāhave.
31.
nimittāni ca paśyāmi viparītāni keśava na
ca śreyaḥ anupaśyāmi hatvā svajanam āhave
ca śreyaḥ anupaśyāmi hatvā svajanam āhave
31.
keśava nimittāni ca viparītāni paśyāmi ca
āhave svajanam hatvā śreyaḥ na anupaśyāmi
āhave svajanam hatvā śreyaḥ na anupaśyāmi
31.
O Keśava, I see adverse omens, and I do not foresee any good from killing my own kinsmen in battle.
न काङ्क्षे विजयं कृष्ण न च राज्यं सुखानि च ।
किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा ॥३२॥
किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा ॥३२॥
32. na kāṅkṣe vijayaṁ kṛṣṇa na ca rājyaṁ sukhāni ca ,
kiṁ no rājyena govinda kiṁ bhogairjīvitena vā.
kiṁ no rājyena govinda kiṁ bhogairjīvitena vā.
32.
na kāṅkṣe vijayam kṛṣṇa na ca rājyam sukhāni ca
kim naḥ rājyena govinda kim bhogaiḥ jīvitena vā
kim naḥ rājyena govinda kim bhogaiḥ jīvitena vā
32.
kṛṣṇa vijayam na kāṅkṣe na ca rājyam sukhāni
ca govinda naḥ rājyena kim bhogaiḥ jīvitena vā
ca govinda naḥ rājyena kim bhogaiḥ jīvitena vā
32.
O Krishna, I do not desire victory, nor a kingdom, nor pleasures. O Govinda, what use is a kingdom to us? What use are enjoyments or even life?
येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च ।
त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ॥३३॥
त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ॥३३॥
33. yeṣāmarthe kāṅkṣitaṁ no rājyaṁ bhogāḥ sukhāni ca ,
ta ime'vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṁstyaktvā dhanāni ca.
ta ime'vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṁstyaktvā dhanāni ca.
33.
yeṣām arthe kāṅkṣitam naḥ rājyam bhogāḥ sukhāni ca
te ime avasthitāḥ yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni ca
te ime avasthitāḥ yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni ca
33.
yeṣām arthe naḥ rājyam bhogāḥ sukhāni ca kāṅkṣitam
te ime yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni ca avasthitāḥ
te ime yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni ca avasthitāḥ
33.
Those for whom we desire a kingdom, enjoyments, and pleasures—they are present here in battle, having given up their lives and wealth.
आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः ।
मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः स्यालाः संबन्धिनस्तथा ॥३४॥
मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः स्यालाः संबन्धिनस्तथा ॥३४॥
34. ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāstathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ ,
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ saṁbandhinastathā.
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ saṁbandhinastathā.
34.
ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāḥ tathā eva ca pitāmahāḥ
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ saṃbandhinaḥ tathā
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ saṃbandhinaḥ tathā
34.
ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāḥ tathā eva ca pitāmahāḥ
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ saṃbandhinaḥ tathā
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ saṃbandhinaḥ tathā
34.
Teachers, fathers, sons, and indeed grandfathers; maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives as well.
एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसूदन ।
अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते ॥३५॥
अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते ॥३५॥
35. etānna hantumicchāmi ghnato'pi madhusūdana ,
api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kiṁ nu mahīkṛte.
api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kiṁ nu mahīkṛte.
35.
etān na hantum icchāmi ghnataḥ api madhusūdana
api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kim nu mahīkṛte
api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kim nu mahīkṛte
35.
madhusūdana,
etān ghnataḥ api hantum na icchāmi.
api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ,
mahīkṛte nu kim?
etān ghnataḥ api hantum na icchāmi.
api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ,
mahīkṛte nu kim?
35.
O Madhusudana, I do not wish to kill these (relatives), even if they intend to kill me. Not even for the sake of sovereignty over the three worlds, much less for this earthly kingdom.
निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान्नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दन ।
पापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः ॥३६॥
पापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः ॥३६॥
36. nihatya dhārtarāṣṭrānnaḥ kā prītiḥ syājjanārdana ,
pāpamevāśrayedasmānhatvaitānātatāyinaḥ.
pāpamevāśrayedasmānhatvaitānātatāyinaḥ.
36.
nihatya dhārtarāṣṭrān naḥ kā prītiḥ syāt janārdana
pāpam eva āśrayet asmān hatvā etān ātatāyinaḥ
pāpam eva āśrayet asmān hatvā etān ātatāyinaḥ
36.
janārdana,
dhārtarāṣṭrān nihatya naḥ kā prītiḥ syāt? etān ātatāyinaḥ hatvā pāpam eva asmān āśrayet.
dhārtarāṣṭrān nihatya naḥ kā prītiḥ syāt? etān ātatāyinaḥ hatvā pāpam eva asmān āśrayet.
36.
O Janardana, what joy could we possibly derive from killing the sons of Dhritarashtra? Sin alone would accrue to us by slaying these aggressors.
तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्सबान्धवान् ।
स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव ॥३७॥
स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव ॥३७॥
37. tasmānnārhā vayaṁ hantuṁ dhārtarāṣṭrānsabāndhavān ,
svajanaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava.
svajanaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava.
37.
tasmāt na arhāḥ vayam hantum dhārtarāṣṭrān sabāndhavān
svajanam hi katham hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava
svajanam hi katham hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava
37.
tasmāt,
vayam sabāndhavān dhārtarāṣṭrān hantum na arhāḥ.
mādhava,
svajanam hatvā hi katham sukhinaḥ syāma?
vayam sabāndhavān dhārtarāṣṭrān hantum na arhāḥ.
mādhava,
svajanam hatvā hi katham sukhinaḥ syāma?
37.
Therefore, we ought not to kill the sons of Dhritarashtra along with their kinsmen. Indeed, O Madhava, how could we be happy after slaying our own people?
यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः ।
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ॥३८॥
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ॥३८॥
38. yadyapyete na paśyanti lobhopahatacetasaḥ ,
kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ mitradrohe ca pātakam.
kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ mitradrohe ca pātakam.
38.
yadyapi ete na paśyanti lobhopahatacetasaḥ
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam mitradrohe ca pātakam
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam mitradrohe ca pātakam
38.
yadyapi lobhopahatacetasaḥ ete kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam mitradrohe ca pātakam na paśyanti.
38.
Even though these (Kauravas), whose minds are corrupted by greed, do not perceive the fault arising from the destruction of the family, nor the sin in betraying friends...
कथं न ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादस्मान्निवर्तितुम् ।
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन ॥३९॥
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन ॥३९॥
39. kathaṁ na jñeyamasmābhiḥ pāpādasmānnivartitum ,
kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ prapaśyadbhirjanārdana.
kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ prapaśyadbhirjanārdana.
39.
katham na jñeyam asmābhiḥ pāpāt asmāt nivartitum
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam prapaśyadbhiḥ janārdana
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam prapaśyadbhiḥ janārdana
39.
janārdana asmābhiḥ pāpāt asmāt nivartitum
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam prapaśyadbhiḥ katham na jñeyam
kulakṣayakṛtam doṣam prapaśyadbhiḥ katham na jñeyam
39.
O Janārdana, how can we, who clearly foresee the fault (doṣa) arising from the destruction of a family, not know that we should turn away from this sin?
कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाः ।
धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत ॥४०॥
धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत ॥४०॥
40. kulakṣaye praṇaśyanti kuladharmāḥ sanātanāḥ ,
dharme naṣṭe kulaṁ kṛtsnamadharmo'bhibhavatyuta.
dharme naṣṭe kulaṁ kṛtsnamadharmo'bhibhavatyuta.
40.
kulakṣaye praṇaśyanti kuladharmāḥ sanātanāḥ dharme
naṣṭe kulam kṛtsnam adharmaḥ abhibhavati uta
naṣṭe kulam kṛtsnam adharmaḥ abhibhavati uta
40.
kulakṣaye sanātanāḥ kuladharmāḥ praṇaśyanti dharme
naṣṭe uta adharmaḥ kṛtsnam kulam abhibhavati
naṣṭe uta adharmaḥ kṛtsnam kulam abhibhavati
40.
With the destruction of a family, its eternal family laws (dharma) are lost. When these laws (dharma) perish, unrighteousness (adharma) indeed overwhelms the entire family.
अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः ।
स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसंकरः ॥४१॥
स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसंकरः ॥४१॥
41. adharmābhibhavātkṛṣṇa praduṣyanti kulastriyaḥ ,
strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya jāyate varṇasaṁkaraḥ.
strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya jāyate varṇasaṁkaraḥ.
41.
adharmābhibhavāt kṛṣṇa praduṣyanti kulastriyaḥ
strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ
strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ
41.
kṛṣṇa adharmābhibhavāt kulastriyaḥ praduṣyanti
vārṣṇeya strīṣu duṣṭāsu varṇasaṅkaraḥ jāyate
vārṣṇeya strīṣu duṣṭāsu varṇasaṅkaraḥ jāyate
41.
O Krishna, when unrighteousness (adharma) prevails, the women of the family become corrupted. O descendent of Vṛṣṇi, when women are corrupted, then intermingling of social classes (varṇasaṅkara) arises.
संकरो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च ।
पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः ॥४२॥
पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः ॥४२॥
42. saṁkaro narakāyaiva kulaghnānāṁ kulasya ca ,
patanti pitaro hyeṣāṁ luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ.
patanti pitaro hyeṣāṁ luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ.
42.
saṅkaraḥ narakāya eva kulaghnānām kulasya ca
patanti pitaraḥ hi eṣām luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ
patanti pitaraḥ hi eṣām luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ
42.
saṅkaraḥ kulaghnānām kulasya ca narakāya eva
patanti hi eṣām pitaraḥ luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ
patanti hi eṣām pitaraḥ luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ
42.
This intermingling of social classes (varṇasaṅkara) leads only to hell (naraka) for the family destroyers and for the family itself. Indeed, the ancestors of such families fall down (from their celestial abodes), being deprived of the rites of food and water offerings (piṇḍodakakriyā).
दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसंकरकारकैः ।
उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः ॥४३॥
उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः ॥४३॥
43. doṣairetaiḥ kulaghnānāṁ varṇasaṁkarakārakaiḥ ,
utsādyante jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāśca śāśvatāḥ.
utsādyante jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāśca śāśvatāḥ.
43.
doṣaiḥ etaiḥ kulaghnānām varṇasaṃkarakārakaiḥ
utsādyante jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāḥ ca śāśvatāḥ
utsādyante jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāḥ ca śāśvatāḥ
43.
etaiḥ varṇasaṃkarakārakaiḥ kulaghnānām doṣaiḥ
jātidharmāḥ ca śāśvatāḥ kuladharmāḥ utsādyante
jātidharmāḥ ca śāśvatāḥ kuladharmāḥ utsādyante
43.
By these faults of the family destroyers, which cause the mixing of social classes (varṇasaṃkara), the eternal natural laws (dharma) of the community (jāti) and the family (kula) are abolished.
उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दन ।
नरके नियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम ॥४४॥
नरके नियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम ॥४४॥
44. utsannakuladharmāṇāṁ manuṣyāṇāṁ janārdana ,
narake niyataṁ vāso bhavatītyanuśuśruma.
narake niyataṁ vāso bhavatītyanuśuśruma.
44.
utsannakuladharmāṇām manuṣyāṇām janārdana
narake niyatam vāsaḥ bhavati iti anuśuśruma
narake niyatam vāsaḥ bhavati iti anuśuśruma
44.
janārdana utsannakuladharmāṇām manuṣyāṇām
narake नियतम् वासः भवति इति अनुशुश्रुम
narake नियतम् वासः भवति इति अनुशुश्रुम
44.
O Janārdana, we have heard that for those men whose family laws (dharma) have been destroyed, residence in hell is certainly destined.
अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम् ।
यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः ॥४५॥
यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः ॥४५॥
45. aho bata mahatpāpaṁ kartuṁ vyavasitā vayam ,
yadrājyasukhalobhena hantuṁ svajanamudyatāḥ.
yadrājyasukhalobhena hantuṁ svajanamudyatāḥ.
45.
aho bata mahat pāpam kartum vyavasitāḥ vayam
yat rājyasukhalobhena hantum svajanam udyatāḥ
yat rājyasukhalobhena hantum svajanam udyatāḥ
45.
aho bata vayam mahat pāpam kartum vyavasitāḥ
yat rājyasukhalobhena svajanam hantum udyatāḥ
yat rājyasukhalobhena svajanam hantum udyatāḥ
45.
Alas, oh, we are determined to commit a great sin, for we are ready to kill our own kinsmen due to our greed for the happiness of kingship.
यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत् ॥४६॥
धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत् ॥४६॥
46. yadi māmapratīkāramaśastraṁ śastrapāṇayaḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyustanme kṣemataraṁ bhavet.
dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyustanme kṣemataraṁ bhavet.
46.
yadi mām apratīkāram aśastram śastrapāṇayaḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣemataram bhavet
dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣemataram bhavet
46.
yadi śastrapāṇayaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ apratīkāram
aśastram mām raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣemataram bhavet
aśastram mām raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣemataram bhavet
46.
If the armed Dhārtarāṣṭras were to kill me in battle while I am unresisting and unarmed, that would be more beneficial (kṣema) for me.
एवमुक्त्वार्जुनः संख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत् ।
विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ॥४७॥
विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ॥४७॥
47. evamuktvārjunaḥ saṁkhye rathopastha upāviśat ,
visṛjya saśaraṁ cāpaṁ śokasaṁvignamānasaḥ.
visṛjya saśaraṁ cāpaṁ śokasaṁvignamānasaḥ.
47.
evam uktvā arjunaḥ saṅkhye rathopastha upāviśat
visṛjya saśaram cāpam śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ
visṛjya saśaram cāpam śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ
47.
arjunaḥ evam uktvā,
śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ,
saṅkhye rathopasthe,
saśaram cāpam visṛjya,
upāviśat
śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ,
saṅkhye rathopasthe,
saśaram cāpam visṛjya,
upāviśat
47.
Having spoken thus, Arjuna, with his mind agitated by sorrow, sat down on the chariot's seat on the battlefield, abandoning his bow and arrows.