भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-1, verse-17
काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः ।
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥१७॥
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥१७॥
17. kāśyaśca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ ,
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ.
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ.
17.
kāśyaḥ ca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ ca aparājitaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ ca aparājitaḥ
17.
ca kāśyaḥ parameṣvāsaḥ ca śikhaṇḍī mahārathaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ aparājitaḥ (dadhmauḥ)
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca virāṭaḥ ca sātyakiḥ aparājitaḥ (dadhmauḥ)
17.
And the King of Kāśī, the great archer; and Śikhaṇḍī, the great chariot-warrior; Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Virāṭa; and Sātyaki, the unconquered (all blew their conches).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- काश्यः (kāśyaḥ) - King of Kāśī (Vārāṇasī)
- च (ca) - and
- परमेष्वासः (parameṣvāsaḥ) - the great archer, having an excellent bow
- शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī
- च (ca) - and
- महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior
- धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna
- विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa
- च (ca) - and
- सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki
- च (ca) - and
- अपराजितः (aparājitaḥ) - the unconquered, invincible
Words meanings and morphology
काश्यः (kāśyaḥ) - King of Kāśī (Vārāṇasī)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kāśya
kāśya - an inhabitant of Kāśī, King of Kāśī
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
परमेष्वासः (parameṣvāsaḥ) - the great archer, having an excellent bow
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parameṣvāsa
parameṣvāsa - one with an excellent bow, a great archer
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parama+iṣvāsa)
- parama – supreme, excellent, best
adjective - iṣvāsa – bow
noun (masculine)
शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin
śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍī (a warrior on the Pāṇḍava side, son of Drupada)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha
mahāratha - great chariot-warrior, a hero capable of fighting many thousands of warriors simultaneously
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - ratha – chariot, warrior (often implying a chariot-warrior)
noun (masculine)
धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna
dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (commander of the Pāṇḍava army, son of Drupada)
विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa
virāṭa - Virāṭa (King of Matsya, host to Pāṇḍavas during their exile)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki
sātyaki - Sātyaki (a Vṛṣṇi hero, Kṛṣṇa's charioteer and warrior)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अपराजितः (aparājitaḥ) - the unconquered, invincible
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aparājita
aparājita - unconquered, undefeated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √parā-√ji (to conquer) with negative prefix 'a-'
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parājita)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - parājita – conquered, defeated
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
PPP of √parā-√ji
Prefix: parā
Root: √ji (class 1)