योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-211, verse-21

काष्ठवन्मौनमास्थाय रटन्तोऽपि महाधियः ।
इह व्यवहरन्त्येते बुधा दारुनरा इव ॥ २१ ॥

kāṣṭhavanmaunamāsthāya raṭanto'pi mahādhiyaḥ ,
iha vyavaharantyete budhā dārunarā iva 21

21. kāṣṭhavat maunam āsthāya raṭantaḥ api mahā-dhiyaḥ
iha vyavaharanti ete budhāḥ dāru-narāḥ iva

21. kāṣṭhavat maunam āsthāya raṭantaḥ api ete
mahā-dhiyaḥ budhāḥ iha dāru-narāḥ iva vyavaharanti

21. Having adopted silence like a log, even when speaking, these wise persons (mahādhiyaḥ) behave in this world like wooden dolls.

Words meanings summery:

• काष्ठवत् (kāṣṭhavat) - like wood, like a log

• मौनम् (maunam) - silence

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up

• रटन्तः (raṭantaḥ) - shouting, speaking, sounding

• अपि (api) - even, also, although

• महा-धियः (mahā-dhiyaḥ) - great-minded ones, highly intelligent

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• व्यवहरन्ति (vyavaharanti) - they act, they behave, they deal

• एते (ete) - these

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - wise ones, learned persons

• दारु-नराः (dāru-narāḥ) - wooden men, puppets

• इव (iva) - as if, like

Words meanings and morphology

काष्ठवत् (kāṣṭhavat) - like wood, like a log

(indeclinable)

Formed by adding the 'vat' suffix (indicating similarity) to the noun 'kāṣṭha' (wood, log).

मौनम् (maunam) - silence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mauna

mauna - silence, taciturnity

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

रटन्तः (raṭantaḥ) - shouting, speaking, sounding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raṭat

raṭat - shouting, speaking, sounding

Present Active Participle

Root: raṭ (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, although

(indeclinable)

महा-धियः (mahā-dhiyaḥ) - great-minded ones, highly intelligent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahā-dhī

mahā-dhī - great-minded, highly intelligent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+dhī)

• mahat – great, large, noble
  adjective
• dhī – intellect, mind, understanding
  noun (feminine)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

व्यवहरन्ति (vyavaharanti) - they act, they behave, they deal

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vyavahṛ

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: hṛ (class 1)

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - wise ones, learned persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, learned, awakened

दारु-नराः (dāru-narāḥ) - wooden men, puppets

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāru-nara

dāru-nara - wooden men, puppets

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dāru+nara)

• dāru – wood, timber
  noun (neuter)
• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)